Wall behavior of nanodomains as a function of their initial state

A method for visualizing ferroelectric domain walls based on higher order nonlinear dielectric detection is proposed. This technique enables the authors to obtain information to visualize the domain wall clearly. Using this method, nanodomain variations with high temperature treatments are observed. The results indicate that the manner of domain variation depends on the state of the domain walls at the time of writing. This result can be explained from the point of view of wall energy transition.