Ti 2p and Ti 3p X-ray photoelectron spectra for TiO₂, SrTiO₃ and BaTiO₃

Ti 2p and Ti 3p X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) were taken for TiO₂, SrTiO₃ and BaTiO₃ single crystals fractured in situ in an electron spectrometer. The inelastic scattering energy loss parts were removed from the observed Ti core level XPS by a deconvolution method using O 1s spectra as a response function. The Ti 2p spectrum for TiO₂ has four maxima and it indicates that the final states of the photoemission had quasi continuous energy states. The Ti 2p spectra for SrTiO₃ and BaTiO₃ had only three maxima. The Ti 3p spectra of the three samples had satellite peaks with energy separation of about 14 eV from the main peaks. The intensity at the higher binding energy side of the main peaks continuously decreased with the relative binding energy from 0 to 8 eV. The spectral features of the Ti 2p and Ti 3p spectra are explained by the charge transfer model after the photoemission.