TY - JOUR
T1 - Mechanical properties and microstructures of cast Ti-Cu alloys
AU - Kikuchi, Masafumi
AU - Takada, Yukyo
AU - Kiyosue, Seigo
AU - Yoda, Masanobu
AU - Woldu, Margaret
AU - Cai, Zhuo
AU - Okuno, Osamu
AU - Okabe, Toru
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was partially funded through NIH/NIDCR grant DE11787. The authors appreciate the work of Mr Mikhail Brezner with the metallography of the titanium alloys and Mrs Lucyna Carrasco with the computer graphing of results. They also thank Mrs Jeanne Santa Cruz for editing the manuscript.
PY - 2003/5
Y1 - 2003/5
N2 - Objectives: This study evaluated the mechanical properties of cast Ti-Cu alloys with the hope of developing an alloy for dental casting with better mechanical properties than unalloyed titanium. Methods: Ti-Cu alloys with five concentrations of copper (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mass%) were made in an argon-arc melting furnace. The alloys were cast into magnesia-based molds using a centrifugal casting machine. The microstructure, microhardness profile of the specimen cross section, tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation were determined for the castings. Scanning electron microscope fractography was undertaken for the fractured surfaces after tensile testing. XRD was performed on the polished specimens. Results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the Student-Newman-Keuls tests. Results: The mean tensile strengths of all the cast Ti-Cu alloys were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than for cast commercially pure titanium (CP Ti). Of the Ti-Cu alloys tested, the 5 and 10% Cu alloys had significantly higher strength than the rest. The 10% Cu alloy exhibited the lowest mean elongation. CP Ti and the 0.5 and 1% Cu alloys showed higher ductility. The bulk hardness of all the cast Ti-Cu alloys, except for the 10% Cu alloy, and CP Ti was approximately the same. Significance: By alloying with copper, the cast titanium became stronger. Increases in the tensile strength (30%) and yield strength (40%) over CP Ti were obtained for the 5% Cu alloy. Elongation was approximately 3%, which was similar to cast Ti-6Al-4V. Ti-Cu alloys, such as the 5% Cu alloy, could be used for prosthetic dental applications if other properties necessary for dental castings are obtained.
AB - Objectives: This study evaluated the mechanical properties of cast Ti-Cu alloys with the hope of developing an alloy for dental casting with better mechanical properties than unalloyed titanium. Methods: Ti-Cu alloys with five concentrations of copper (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mass%) were made in an argon-arc melting furnace. The alloys were cast into magnesia-based molds using a centrifugal casting machine. The microstructure, microhardness profile of the specimen cross section, tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation were determined for the castings. Scanning electron microscope fractography was undertaken for the fractured surfaces after tensile testing. XRD was performed on the polished specimens. Results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the Student-Newman-Keuls tests. Results: The mean tensile strengths of all the cast Ti-Cu alloys were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than for cast commercially pure titanium (CP Ti). Of the Ti-Cu alloys tested, the 5 and 10% Cu alloys had significantly higher strength than the rest. The 10% Cu alloy exhibited the lowest mean elongation. CP Ti and the 0.5 and 1% Cu alloys showed higher ductility. The bulk hardness of all the cast Ti-Cu alloys, except for the 10% Cu alloy, and CP Ti was approximately the same. Significance: By alloying with copper, the cast titanium became stronger. Increases in the tensile strength (30%) and yield strength (40%) over CP Ti were obtained for the 5% Cu alloy. Elongation was approximately 3%, which was similar to cast Ti-6Al-4V. Ti-Cu alloys, such as the 5% Cu alloy, could be used for prosthetic dental applications if other properties necessary for dental castings are obtained.
KW - Mechanical properties
KW - Microstructure
KW - Titanium alloys
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U2 - 10.1016/S0109-5641(02)00027-1
DO - 10.1016/S0109-5641(02)00027-1
M3 - Article
C2 - 12628428
AN - SCOPUS:0038167505
VL - 19
SP - 174
EP - 181
JO - Dental Materials
JF - Dental Materials
SN - 0109-5641
IS - 3
ER -