Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α/γ and hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α as causal factors of interindividual difference in the expression of human dihydrodiol dehydrogenase 4 mRNA in human livers

Human dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (DD) catalyses the oxidation of trans-dihydrodiols of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the reduction of several ketone-containing drugs. About 40-fold interindividual difference in DD activities has been noted. Recently, we found that transcriptional factors, hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1α, HNF-4α and HNF-4γ were essential for the expression of DD4 mRNA, which is a major form of DDs. Thus, to clarify a possible mechanism(s) underlying the interindividual difference in DD activities, we investigated the sequences of genes and the expression levels of mRNA for DD4 and HNFs in human livers. We found no clear relationship between the genotypes of DD4 and HNF genes and the expression levels of DD4 mRNA in the subjects. The expression level of DD4 mRNA significantly correlated with that of HNF-1α, HNF-4α or HNF-4γ. These results suggest that the expression level of DD4 mRNA is cooperatively regulated by the amounts of HNF-1α, HNF-4α and HNF-4γ.