@article{2d81aaebb113454bb45c459694266f67,
title = "Experimental determination of the mno activity coefficient in high-manganese slags using the chemical equilibrium method",
abstract = "The thermodynamics of manganese oxide in high-MnO-containing slags was investigated using the chemical equilibrium method in the temperature range of 1623 to 1723 K. MnO-SiO2-Al2O3 slags were brought into equilibrium with molten silver (Ag) under controlled CO/CO2 gas atmos-phere. The equilibrium Mn concentration in the silver was measured by ICP-AES (inductively cou-pled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy) analysis after the experiment. Slag samples were analyzed by EPMA (electron probe microanalyzer) analysis. The obtained activity aMnO and activity coefficient γMnO were derived as a function of the slag composition and temperature. The activity coefficient of MnO within the investigated slag system increased with an increasing MnO/SiO2 ratio. The derived temperature dependence of the activity coefficient and partition ratio of Mn between the metal and the slag was strongly influenced by the slag composition. The thermodynamic assess-ment of the activity and activity coefficient of MnO was carried out by applying the regular solution model (RSM) on the basis of interaction energies of the cations and with FactSage{\texttrademark} 7.3. The theoretical calculations were compared with the experimentally derived values.",
keywords = "Activity coefficient of MnO, Chemical equilibrium, Manganese distribution, MnO activity, Regular solution model, Selective reduction",
author = "Elizaveta Cheremisina and Xu Gao and Shigeru Ueda and Shinya Kitamura and Ryo Yamashina and Johannes Schenk",
note = "Funding Information: Funding: The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding support of K1-MET GmbH, metallurgical competence center. The research program of the K1-MET competence center is supported by COMET (Competence Center for Excellent Technologies), the Austrian program for competence centers. COMET is funded by the Federal Ministry for Climate Action, Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation and Technology, the Federal Ministry for Digital and Economic Affairs, the Federal States of Upper Austria, Tyrol, and Styria as well as the Styrian Business Promotion Agency (SFG) and the Standortagentur Tyrol. Furthermore, Upper Austrian Research continuously supports K1-MET. Besides the public funding from COMET, the research projects are partially financed by participating scientific partners and industrial partners. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzer-land.",
year = "2021",
month = aug,
doi = "10.3390/met11081190",
language = "English",
volume = "11",
journal = "Metals",
issn = "2075-4701",
publisher = "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)",
number = "8",
}