TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of Japanese diet in combination with exercise on visceral fat accumulation
AU - Asano, Masaki
AU - Iwagaki, Yui
AU - Sugawara, Saeko
AU - Kushida, Mamoru
AU - Okouchi, Ran
AU - Yamamoto, Kazushi
AU - Tsuduki, Tsuyoshi
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported with grants from the Integration Research for Agriculture and Interdisciplinary Fields , Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan, and The Canon Foundation.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Inc.
Copyright:
Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/1
Y1 - 2019/1
N2 - Objectives: In our previous study, we showed that among Japanese diets from different time periods, the 1975 Japanese diet has the greatest health benefits and is the most effective to prevent obesity. In addition, exercise is also effective to reduce obesity. Therefore, we conducted a human clinical trial combining the 1975 Japanese diet and exercise and, as a result, found a reduction in body weight, visceral fat, and serum lipids. However, the mechanism of this phenomenon was not determined. Therefore, in this study, we examined this mechanism in mice using a diet that was similar to that used in the human trial. Methods: The modern and 1975 Japanese diets were cooked, lyophilized, powdered, and fed freely to 5 wk old male C57 BL/6 J mice for 8 wk. In addition, the mice exercised on a treadmill. Results: Total white adipose tissue weight decreased significantly due to the interaction between the 1975 Japanese diet and exercise. A histologic examination revealed that the hypertrophy of adipocytes was suppressed. To clarify this mechanism, the mRNA levels for lipid metabolism-related genes in epididymal adipose tissue were measured, and the mRNA level of hormone sensitive lipase (Hsl), which is related to lipolysis, was found to be significantly increased after intake of the 1975 Japanese diet combined with exercise. In the gut microbiota analysis, the Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes ratio, which is decreased in obese people, was increased by the 1975 Japanese diet and exercise. At the genus level, there was an increase in butyrate-producing bacteria as a result of the 1975 Japanese diet intake and exercise. Conclusions: A combination of the 1975 Japanese diet and exercise increased lipolysis in white adipose tissue and increased butyrate-producing bacteria in gut microbiota, and thereby suppressed fat accumulation.
AB - Objectives: In our previous study, we showed that among Japanese diets from different time periods, the 1975 Japanese diet has the greatest health benefits and is the most effective to prevent obesity. In addition, exercise is also effective to reduce obesity. Therefore, we conducted a human clinical trial combining the 1975 Japanese diet and exercise and, as a result, found a reduction in body weight, visceral fat, and serum lipids. However, the mechanism of this phenomenon was not determined. Therefore, in this study, we examined this mechanism in mice using a diet that was similar to that used in the human trial. Methods: The modern and 1975 Japanese diets were cooked, lyophilized, powdered, and fed freely to 5 wk old male C57 BL/6 J mice for 8 wk. In addition, the mice exercised on a treadmill. Results: Total white adipose tissue weight decreased significantly due to the interaction between the 1975 Japanese diet and exercise. A histologic examination revealed that the hypertrophy of adipocytes was suppressed. To clarify this mechanism, the mRNA levels for lipid metabolism-related genes in epididymal adipose tissue were measured, and the mRNA level of hormone sensitive lipase (Hsl), which is related to lipolysis, was found to be significantly increased after intake of the 1975 Japanese diet combined with exercise. In the gut microbiota analysis, the Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes ratio, which is decreased in obese people, was increased by the 1975 Japanese diet and exercise. At the genus level, there was an increase in butyrate-producing bacteria as a result of the 1975 Japanese diet intake and exercise. Conclusions: A combination of the 1975 Japanese diet and exercise increased lipolysis in white adipose tissue and increased butyrate-producing bacteria in gut microbiota, and thereby suppressed fat accumulation.
KW - Exercise
KW - Gut microbiota
KW - Japanese diet
KW - Lipid metabolism
KW - Visceral fat
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U2 - 10.1016/j.nut.2018.05.023
DO - 10.1016/j.nut.2018.05.023
M3 - Article
C2 - 30170306
AN - SCOPUS:85052309411
VL - 57
SP - 173
EP - 182
JO - Nutrition
JF - Nutrition
SN - 0899-9007
ER -