@article{67feded521f9498a95de29112ec3a1fe,
title = "A plant chitinase controls cortical infection thread progression and nitrogen-fixing symbiosis",
abstract = "Morphogens provide positional information and their concentration is key to the organized development of multicellular organisms. Nitrogen-fixing root nodules are unique organs induced by Nod factor-producing bacteria. Localized production of Nod factors establishes a developmental field within the root where plant cells are reprogrammed to form infection threads and primordia. We found that regulation of Nod factor levels by Lotus japonicus is required for the formation of nitrogen-fixing organs, determining the fate of this induced developmental program. Our analysis of plant and bacterial mutants shows that a host chitinase modulates Nod factor levels possibly in a structure-dependent manner. In Lotus, this is required for maintaining Nod factor signalling in parallel with the elongation of infection threads within the nodule cortex, while root hair infection and primordia formation are not influenced. Our study shows that infected nodules require balanced levels of Nod factors for completing their transition to functional, nitrogen-fixing organs.",
author = "Anna Malolepszy and Simon Kelly and S{\o}rensen, {Kasper Kildegaard} and James, {Euan Kevin} and Christina Kalisch and Zoltan Bozsoki and Michael Panting and Andersen, {Stig U.} and Shusei Sato and Ke Tao and Jensen, {Dorthe B{\o}dker} and Maria Vinther and {de Jong}, Noor and Madsen, {Lene Heegaard} and Yosuke Umehara and Kira Gysel and Berentsen, {Mette U.} and Mickael Blaise and Jensen, {Knud J{\o}rgen} and Thygesen, {Mikkel B.} and Niels Sandal and Andersen, {Kasper R{\o}jkj{\ae}r} and Simona Radutoiu",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Clive Ronson and John Sullivan for providing the M. loti R7A mutants. We thank Keisuke Yokota for his contribution to fine mapping of Chit5. We thank Finn Pedersen for plant care. We thank Clive Ronson and Christian Staehelin for constructive discussions. We thank Jens Stougaard for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by the Danish Research Foundation, DNRF 79 grant. Funding Information: We thank Clive Ronson and John Sullivan for providing the M. loti R7A mutants. We thank Keisuke Yokota for his contribution to fine mapping of Chit5. We thank Finn Pedersen for plant care. We thank Clive Ronson and Christian Staehelin for constructive discussions. We thank Jens Stougaard for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by the Danish Research Foundation, DNRF 79 grant.Danish National Research Foundation DNRF79 Anna Malolepszy Simon Kelly Kasper Kildegaard S{\o}rensen Christina Kalisch Zoltan Bozsoki Michael Panting Stig U Andersen Dorthe B{\o}dker Jensen Maria Vinther Noor de Jong Lene Heegaard Madsen Kira Gysel Mette U Berentsen Mickael Blaise Knud J{\o}rgen Jensen Mikkel B Thygesen Niels Sandal Kasper R{\o}jkj{\ae}r Andersen Simona Radutoiu China Scholarship Council 201604910506 Ke Tao The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Malolepszy et al.",
year = "2018",
month = oct,
doi = "10.7554/eLife.38874",
language = "English",
volume = "7",
journal = "eLife",
issn = "2050-084X",
publisher = "eLife Sciences Publications",
}