TY - JOUR
T1 - Visualization of flow resistance in physiological nasal respiration
T2 - Analysis of velocity and vorticities using numerical simulation
AU - Ishikawa, Shigeru
AU - Nakayama, Toshio
AU - Watanabe, Masahiro
AU - Matsuzawa, Teruo
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - Objectives: To visualize the velocity gradients and the vorticities of physiological unsteady nasal flow using the computational fluid dynamics method and to compare the inspiratory phase and expiratory phase flow patterns. Design: An anatomically correct 3-dimensional nasal and pharyngeal cavity was constructed from computed tomographic images of a healthy adult nose and pharynx. The unsteady state Navier-Stokes and continuity equations were solved numerically on inspiratory and expiratory nasal flow. Setting: Numerical simulation application. Participants: Coronary and axial computed tomographic images from a healthy adult were used. Main Outcome Measures: The detailed velocity distribution and vorticity (resistance) distribution of nasal airflow were visualized using the computational fluid dynamics method (an imaging technology for regional flow factors [velocity, vector, streamline, and vortex]). Results: In the inspiratory phase, a high-velocity area was prominent in the middle meatus, and the highest vorticity area had good agreement with this region. In the expiratory phase, the distributions of velocity and vorticities were flatter than those in the inspiratory phase. Conclusion: The computational fluid dynamics model allows the investigation of airflow elements under physiological conditions, as well as the examination of the effect of nasal structure.
AB - Objectives: To visualize the velocity gradients and the vorticities of physiological unsteady nasal flow using the computational fluid dynamics method and to compare the inspiratory phase and expiratory phase flow patterns. Design: An anatomically correct 3-dimensional nasal and pharyngeal cavity was constructed from computed tomographic images of a healthy adult nose and pharynx. The unsteady state Navier-Stokes and continuity equations were solved numerically on inspiratory and expiratory nasal flow. Setting: Numerical simulation application. Participants: Coronary and axial computed tomographic images from a healthy adult were used. Main Outcome Measures: The detailed velocity distribution and vorticity (resistance) distribution of nasal airflow were visualized using the computational fluid dynamics method (an imaging technology for regional flow factors [velocity, vector, streamline, and vortex]). Results: In the inspiratory phase, a high-velocity area was prominent in the middle meatus, and the highest vorticity area had good agreement with this region. In the expiratory phase, the distributions of velocity and vorticities were flatter than those in the inspiratory phase. Conclusion: The computational fluid dynamics model allows the investigation of airflow elements under physiological conditions, as well as the examination of the effect of nasal structure.
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U2 - 10.1001/archotol.132.11.1203
DO - 10.1001/archotol.132.11.1203
M3 - Article
C2 - 17116815
AN - SCOPUS:33751298564
VL - 132
SP - 1203
EP - 1209
JO - JAMA Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
JF - JAMA Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
SN - 2168-6181
IS - 11
ER -