TY - JOUR
T1 - Validity of sea surface temperature observed with the TRITON buoy under diurnal heating conditions
AU - Kawai, Yoshimi
AU - Kawamura, Hiroshi
AU - Tanba, Sumio
AU - Ando, Kentaro
AU - Yoneyama, Kunio
AU - Nagahama, Norio
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Captain T. Hashimoto and ship’s company of R/V Mirai for the MR04-01 cruise. We wish to acknowledge the support of JAMSTEC and Marine Works Japan Ltd. in this experiment, especially H. Hase, I. Ueki, H. Uno and K. Katayama. We also express our appreciation to Y. Oguri and M. Miki for their help in preparing the instruments. The computer program of the TOGA COARE air-sea flux algorithm, version 2.5, including the skin and warm-layer models, was produced by C. Fairall, E. F. Bradley and D. P. Rogers, and is released from the web site at http:// www.coaps.fsu.edu/COARE/flux_algor. G. A. Wick kindly provided us with the computer programs to calculate the solar radiation transmission. The authors really appreciate valuable comments of A. Kaneko and anonymous reviewers. This study is supported by the Category 7 of MEXT (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) RR2002 Project for Sustainable Coexistence of Human, Nature and the Earth, and by the special coordination fund for promoting science and technology “New Generation Sea Surface Temperature” of MEXT, Japan.
PY - 2006/12
Y1 - 2006/12
N2 - In order to investigate the validity of buoy-observed sea surface temperature (SST), we installed special instruments to measure near-surface ocean temperature on the TRITON buoy moored at 2.07°N, 138.06°E from 2 to 13 March 2004, in addition to a standard buoy sensor for the regular SST measurement at 1.5-m depth. Large diurnal SST variations were observed during this period, and the variations of the temperatures at about 0.3-m depth could be approximately simulated by a one-dimensional numerical model. However, there was a notable discrepancy between the buoy-observed 1.5-m-depth SST (SST1.5m) and the corresponding model-simulated temperature only during the daytime when the diurnal rise was large. The evaluation of the heat balance in the sea surface layer showed that the diurnal rise of the SST1.5m in these cases could not be accounted for by solar heating alone. We examined the depth of the SST1.5m sensor and the near-surface temperature observed from a ship near the buoy, and came to the conclusion that the solar heating of the buoy hull and/or a disturbance in the temperature field around the buoy hull would contribute to the excessive diurnal rise of the SST1.5m observed with the TRITON buoy. However, the temperature around the hull was not sufficiently homogenized, as suggested in a previous paper. For the diurnal rise of the SST1.5m exceeding 0.5 K, the daytime buoy data became doubtful, through dynamics that remain to be clarified. A simple formula is proposed to correct the unexpected diurnal amplitude of the buoy SST1.5m.
AB - In order to investigate the validity of buoy-observed sea surface temperature (SST), we installed special instruments to measure near-surface ocean temperature on the TRITON buoy moored at 2.07°N, 138.06°E from 2 to 13 March 2004, in addition to a standard buoy sensor for the regular SST measurement at 1.5-m depth. Large diurnal SST variations were observed during this period, and the variations of the temperatures at about 0.3-m depth could be approximately simulated by a one-dimensional numerical model. However, there was a notable discrepancy between the buoy-observed 1.5-m-depth SST (SST1.5m) and the corresponding model-simulated temperature only during the daytime when the diurnal rise was large. The evaluation of the heat balance in the sea surface layer showed that the diurnal rise of the SST1.5m in these cases could not be accounted for by solar heating alone. We examined the depth of the SST1.5m sensor and the near-surface temperature observed from a ship near the buoy, and came to the conclusion that the solar heating of the buoy hull and/or a disturbance in the temperature field around the buoy hull would contribute to the excessive diurnal rise of the SST1.5m observed with the TRITON buoy. However, the temperature around the hull was not sufficiently homogenized, as suggested in a previous paper. For the diurnal rise of the SST1.5m exceeding 0.5 K, the daytime buoy data became doubtful, through dynamics that remain to be clarified. A simple formula is proposed to correct the unexpected diurnal amplitude of the buoy SST1.5m.
KW - Diurnal warming
KW - Platform effect
KW - SST
KW - TRITON buoy
KW - Western tropical Pacific
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U2 - 10.1007/s10872-006-0101-3
DO - 10.1007/s10872-006-0101-3
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:33751017663
VL - 62
SP - 825
EP - 838
JO - Journal of Oceanography
JF - Journal of Oceanography
SN - 0916-8370
IS - 6
ER -