TY - JOUR
T1 - Two steroidal saponins from Camassia cusickii induce L1210 cell death through the apoptotic mechanism
AU - Candra, E.
AU - Matsunaga, K.
AU - Fujiwara, H.
AU - Mimaki, Y.
AU - Sashida, Y.
AU - Yamakuni, Toru
AU - Ohizumi, Y.
PY - 2001/12/1
Y1 - 2001/12/1
N2 - Two steroidal saponins, tigogenin hexasaccharide-1 (TGHS-1, (25R)-5α-spirostan-3β-yl 4-O-[2-O-[3-O(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-3-O-[4-O- (α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-β-D- glucopyranosyl]- β-D-galactopyranoside) and tigogenin hexasaccharide-2 (TGHS-2, (25R)-5α-spirostan-3β-yl 4-O-[2-O-[3-O- (β-D-glucopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-3-O-[4-O-(α-L- rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl]- β-D-galactopyranoside), were isolated from the fresh bulbs of Camassia cusickii. In murine leukemic L1210 cells, both compounds showed cytotoxicity with an EC50 value of 0.06 μM. The morphological observation revealed that TGHS-1 and TGHS-2 induced shrinkage in cell soma and chromatin condensation, suggesting apoptotic cell death. The cell death was confirmed to be apoptosis by Annexin V binding to phosphatidylserine in the cell membrane and excluding propidium iodide. A typical apoptotic DNA ladder and the cleavage of caspase-3 were observed after treatment with TGHS-1 and TGHS-2. In the presence of both the compounds, cells with sub-G1 DNA content were detected by flow cytometric analysis, indicating that TGHS-1 and TGHS-2 (each EC50 value of 0.1 μM) are the most powerful apoptotic saponins known. These results suggest that TGHS-1 and TGHS-2 induce apoptotic cell death through caspase-3 activation.
AB - Two steroidal saponins, tigogenin hexasaccharide-1 (TGHS-1, (25R)-5α-spirostan-3β-yl 4-O-[2-O-[3-O(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-3-O-[4-O- (α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-β-D- glucopyranosyl]- β-D-galactopyranoside) and tigogenin hexasaccharide-2 (TGHS-2, (25R)-5α-spirostan-3β-yl 4-O-[2-O-[3-O- (β-D-glucopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-3-O-[4-O-(α-L- rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl]- β-D-galactopyranoside), were isolated from the fresh bulbs of Camassia cusickii. In murine leukemic L1210 cells, both compounds showed cytotoxicity with an EC50 value of 0.06 μM. The morphological observation revealed that TGHS-1 and TGHS-2 induced shrinkage in cell soma and chromatin condensation, suggesting apoptotic cell death. The cell death was confirmed to be apoptosis by Annexin V binding to phosphatidylserine in the cell membrane and excluding propidium iodide. A typical apoptotic DNA ladder and the cleavage of caspase-3 were observed after treatment with TGHS-1 and TGHS-2. In the presence of both the compounds, cells with sub-G1 DNA content were detected by flow cytometric analysis, indicating that TGHS-1 and TGHS-2 (each EC50 value of 0.1 μM) are the most powerful apoptotic saponins known. These results suggest that TGHS-1 and TGHS-2 induce apoptotic cell death through caspase-3 activation.
KW - Apoptosis
KW - DNA fragmentation
KW - Murine leukemic L1210 cells
KW - Steroidal saponin
KW - Tigogenin hexasaccharide
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U2 - 10.1139/cjpp-79-11-953
DO - 10.1139/cjpp-79-11-953
M3 - Article
C2 - 11760098
AN - SCOPUS:0035664936
VL - 79
SP - 953
EP - 958
JO - Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
JF - Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
SN - 0008-4212
IS - 11
ER -