TY - JOUR
T1 - Transgenic mice overproducing human thioredoxin-1, an antioxidative and anti-apoptotic protein, prevents diabetic embryopathy
AU - Kamimoto, Y.
AU - Sugiyama, T.
AU - Kihira, T.
AU - Zhang, L.
AU - Murabayashi, N.
AU - Umekawa, T.
AU - Nagao, K.
AU - Ma, N.
AU - Toyoda, N.
AU - Yodoi, J.
AU - Sagawa, N.
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgements We thank H. Noro for her excellent technical assistance. This work was supported in part by grants for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan (No.1865484, 19390428, 18791150 and 20659170), the Smoking Research Foundation, Takeda Scientific Research Foundation, Kanzawa Medical Research Foundation and the Danone Institute of Japan.
PY - 2010/9
Y1 - 2010/9
N2 - Aims/hypothesis: Experimental studies have suggested that apoptosis is involved in diabetic embryopathy through oxidative stress. However, the precise mechanism of diabetic embryopathy is not yet clear. Thioredoxin (TRX) is a small, ubiquitous, multifunctional protein, which has recently been shown to protect cells from oxidative stress and apoptosis. Using transgenic mice that overproduce human TRX-1 (TRX-Tg mice), we examined whether oxidative stress is involved in fetal dysmorphogenesis in diabetic pregnancies. Methods: Non-diabetic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic (DM) female mice were mated with male TRX-Tg mice. Pregnant mice were killed either at day 10 or day 17 of gestation, and viable fetuses and their placentas were recovered, weighed and assessed for gross and histological morphology, biochemical markers and gene expression. Results: In both wild-type (WT) and transgenic (Tg) groups, fetal and placental weights in the diabetic group were significantly decreased compared with the non-diabetic group. The incidence of malformation was higher in the diabetic group, and was significantly decreased in the TRX-Tg group (DM-WT vs DM-Tg; 28.6% vs 10.4%). Oxidative stress markers such as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine were increased in DM-WT group fetuses but were decreased in fetuses from the DM-Tg group. Furthermore, immunohistochemically assayed apoptosis and cleaved caspase-3 production in embryonic neuroepithelial cells was significantly increased in the DM-WT group, and was significantly decreased in the DM-Tg group. Conclusions/interpretation: These results indicate that oxidative stress is involved in diabetic embryopathy, and that the antioxidative protein TRX at least partially prevents diabetic embryopathy via suppression of apoptosis.
AB - Aims/hypothesis: Experimental studies have suggested that apoptosis is involved in diabetic embryopathy through oxidative stress. However, the precise mechanism of diabetic embryopathy is not yet clear. Thioredoxin (TRX) is a small, ubiquitous, multifunctional protein, which has recently been shown to protect cells from oxidative stress and apoptosis. Using transgenic mice that overproduce human TRX-1 (TRX-Tg mice), we examined whether oxidative stress is involved in fetal dysmorphogenesis in diabetic pregnancies. Methods: Non-diabetic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic (DM) female mice were mated with male TRX-Tg mice. Pregnant mice were killed either at day 10 or day 17 of gestation, and viable fetuses and their placentas were recovered, weighed and assessed for gross and histological morphology, biochemical markers and gene expression. Results: In both wild-type (WT) and transgenic (Tg) groups, fetal and placental weights in the diabetic group were significantly decreased compared with the non-diabetic group. The incidence of malformation was higher in the diabetic group, and was significantly decreased in the TRX-Tg group (DM-WT vs DM-Tg; 28.6% vs 10.4%). Oxidative stress markers such as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine were increased in DM-WT group fetuses but were decreased in fetuses from the DM-Tg group. Furthermore, immunohistochemically assayed apoptosis and cleaved caspase-3 production in embryonic neuroepithelial cells was significantly increased in the DM-WT group, and was significantly decreased in the DM-Tg group. Conclusions/interpretation: These results indicate that oxidative stress is involved in diabetic embryopathy, and that the antioxidative protein TRX at least partially prevents diabetic embryopathy via suppression of apoptosis.
KW - Apoptosis
KW - Congenital malformations
KW - Oxidative stress
KW - Pregnancy
KW - Thioredoxin
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U2 - 10.1007/s00125-010-1784-y
DO - 10.1007/s00125-010-1784-y
M3 - Article
C2 - 20512310
AN - SCOPUS:77955557018
VL - 53
SP - 2046
EP - 2055
JO - Diabetologia
JF - Diabetologia
SN - 0012-186X
IS - 9
ER -