TY - JOUR
T1 - Trafficking to the Outer Polar Domain Defines the Root-Soil Interface
AU - Łangowski, Łukasz
AU - Růžička, Kamil
AU - Naramoto, Satoshi
AU - Kleine-Vehn, Jürgen
AU - Friml, Jiří
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Bonnie Bartel, Toru Fujiwara, William M. Gray, and Christian Luschnig for sharing published material and Martine De Cock for help in preparing the manuscript. This work was supported by the Research Foundation-Flanders (Odysseus program) and GA ASCR IAA601630703).
PY - 2010/5/25
Y1 - 2010/5/25
N2 - In animals, the interface between organism and environment is constituted by the epithelium [1]. In plants, the exchange of nutrients and signals between root and soil is crucial for their survival, but the cellular mechanisms underlying the epithelium-like function and specific localization of proteins to the root surface have not been identified [2]. Here we analyze the mechanism of polar delivery to the root-soil interface of the proteins BOR4, ABCG37, and PEN3, which transport nutrients [2], transport plant hormones, and are required for pathogen defense [3], respectively. The simultaneous visualization of these proteins and the apical and basal cargos in a single cell demonstrates that the outermost cell side represents an additional polar domain. Delivery to this outer polar domain depends on ARF GEF [4] and actin [5-8] function but does not require known molecular components of the apical or basal targeting. The outer polar delivery is, in contrast to known basal and apical cargos [9, 10], mediated by the polar secretion. Our findings show that the outermost cell membranes of roots define an additional polar domain in plant cells along with a specific, previously uncharacterized, polar targeting mechanism that is important for defining the functional, epithelium-like root-soil interface.
AB - In animals, the interface between organism and environment is constituted by the epithelium [1]. In plants, the exchange of nutrients and signals between root and soil is crucial for their survival, but the cellular mechanisms underlying the epithelium-like function and specific localization of proteins to the root surface have not been identified [2]. Here we analyze the mechanism of polar delivery to the root-soil interface of the proteins BOR4, ABCG37, and PEN3, which transport nutrients [2], transport plant hormones, and are required for pathogen defense [3], respectively. The simultaneous visualization of these proteins and the apical and basal cargos in a single cell demonstrates that the outermost cell side represents an additional polar domain. Delivery to this outer polar domain depends on ARF GEF [4] and actin [5-8] function but does not require known molecular components of the apical or basal targeting. The outer polar delivery is, in contrast to known basal and apical cargos [9, 10], mediated by the polar secretion. Our findings show that the outermost cell membranes of roots define an additional polar domain in plant cells along with a specific, previously uncharacterized, polar targeting mechanism that is important for defining the functional, epithelium-like root-soil interface.
KW - CELLBIO
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77953137150&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77953137150&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cub.2010.03.059
DO - 10.1016/j.cub.2010.03.059
M3 - Article
C2 - 20451385
AN - SCOPUS:77953137150
VL - 20
SP - 904
EP - 908
JO - Current Biology
JF - Current Biology
SN - 0960-9822
IS - 10
ER -