TY - JOUR
T1 - The function of high-affinity urea transporters in nitrogen-deficient conditions
AU - Beier, Marcel P.
AU - Kojima, Soichi
N1 - Funding Information:
Takano Life Science Research Foundation, Grant/Award Numbers: JP19K23661, JP18H05490, 20880004; Grant‐in‐Aid for Research Activity (start‐up); Grant‐in‐Aid for Scientific Research; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI Grant‐in‐Aid for Young Scientists (start‐up) Funding information
Funding Information:
This work was supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI Grant‐in‐Aid for Young Scientists (start‐up) (20880004 to Soichi Kojima), Grant‐in‐Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “Plant‐Structure Optimization Strategy” (JP18H05490 to Toru Fujiwara), Grant‐in‐Aid for Research Activity (start‐up) (JP19K23661 to Marcel P. Beier) and by the Takano Life Science Research Foundation.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Urea is the most used nitrogenous fertilizer worldwide and an important nitrogen-containing plant metabolite. Despite its major use as fertilizer, its direct uptake is limited due to the ubiquitous presence of bacterial urease, which leads to the formation of ammonium. In this review, we will focus mainly on the more recent research about the high-affinity urea transporter function in nitrogen-deficient conditions. The effective use of nitrogenous compounds is essential for plants to be able to deal with nitrogen-deficient conditions. Leaf senescence, either induced by development and/or by nitrogen deficiency, plays an important role in the efficient use of already assimilated nitrogen. Proteinaceous nitrogen is set free through catabolic reactions: the released amino acids from protein catabilization are in turn catabolized leading to an accumulation of ammonium and urea. The concentration and conversion to transportable forms of nitrogen, e.g. amino acids like glutamine and asparagine, are coordinated around the vascular tissue. Urea itself can be translocated directly over the phloem by a mechanism that involves DUR3, or it is converted by urease to ammonium and assimilated again into amino acids. The details of the high-affinity transporter function in this physiological context and the implications for crop yield are explained.
AB - Urea is the most used nitrogenous fertilizer worldwide and an important nitrogen-containing plant metabolite. Despite its major use as fertilizer, its direct uptake is limited due to the ubiquitous presence of bacterial urease, which leads to the formation of ammonium. In this review, we will focus mainly on the more recent research about the high-affinity urea transporter function in nitrogen-deficient conditions. The effective use of nitrogenous compounds is essential for plants to be able to deal with nitrogen-deficient conditions. Leaf senescence, either induced by development and/or by nitrogen deficiency, plays an important role in the efficient use of already assimilated nitrogen. Proteinaceous nitrogen is set free through catabolic reactions: the released amino acids from protein catabilization are in turn catabolized leading to an accumulation of ammonium and urea. The concentration and conversion to transportable forms of nitrogen, e.g. amino acids like glutamine and asparagine, are coordinated around the vascular tissue. Urea itself can be translocated directly over the phloem by a mechanism that involves DUR3, or it is converted by urease to ammonium and assimilated again into amino acids. The details of the high-affinity transporter function in this physiological context and the implications for crop yield are explained.
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U2 - 10.1111/ppl.13303
DO - 10.1111/ppl.13303
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85097487447
JO - Physiologia Plantarum
JF - Physiologia Plantarum
SN - 0031-9317
ER -