TY - JOUR
T1 - Synergetic nanoporous Mn-Ru oxides as efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction
AU - Zakaria, Mohamed B.
AU - Chikyow, Toyohiro
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors appreciate the help received from Prof. Yusuke Yamauchi and Prof. Cuiling Li for performing the electrocatalytic measurements of ORRs and acknowledge the financial support of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS).
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - Herein, the rule of using a controlling agent, trisodium citrate dihydrate (TSCD), as a co-reactant in the crystal growth process of Mn-Ru coordination polymer (Mn-Ru CP) nanocubes has been reported. The size and shape of the final product is tuned by increasing the amount of TSCD. Random and aggregated particles were obtained in the absence of TSCD. The shape of the Mn-Ru CP nanocubes was improved using small amounts of TSCD. On further increasing the initial amounts of TSCD, regular and large nanocubes were obtained. In the presence of TSCD, the reaction was slow since the complex appeared to be more stable; thus led to controlled crystal growth. After mixing Mn(CH3COO)2 with TSCD, a Mn-citrate complex was formed. By dropwise addition of a K4[Ru(CN)6] aqueous solution, few Mn2+ ions were slowly released from the complex to react with [Ru(CN)6]4-. Subsequently, the nuclei were generated and further grew to form fine Mn-Ru CP nanocubes. After regular aerobic thermal treatment, synergetic nanoporous Mn-Ru mixed oxides were obtained. The Mn-Ru oxides are promising catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions through an exact four-electron pathway. We speculate that the high catalytic activity of these oxides can be attributed to the fine cubic structure, synergetic composition between Ru and Mn, and intrinsic high electrochemical activity of the ruthenium metal.
AB - Herein, the rule of using a controlling agent, trisodium citrate dihydrate (TSCD), as a co-reactant in the crystal growth process of Mn-Ru coordination polymer (Mn-Ru CP) nanocubes has been reported. The size and shape of the final product is tuned by increasing the amount of TSCD. Random and aggregated particles were obtained in the absence of TSCD. The shape of the Mn-Ru CP nanocubes was improved using small amounts of TSCD. On further increasing the initial amounts of TSCD, regular and large nanocubes were obtained. In the presence of TSCD, the reaction was slow since the complex appeared to be more stable; thus led to controlled crystal growth. After mixing Mn(CH3COO)2 with TSCD, a Mn-citrate complex was formed. By dropwise addition of a K4[Ru(CN)6] aqueous solution, few Mn2+ ions were slowly released from the complex to react with [Ru(CN)6]4-. Subsequently, the nuclei were generated and further grew to form fine Mn-Ru CP nanocubes. After regular aerobic thermal treatment, synergetic nanoporous Mn-Ru mixed oxides were obtained. The Mn-Ru oxides are promising catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions through an exact four-electron pathway. We speculate that the high catalytic activity of these oxides can be attributed to the fine cubic structure, synergetic composition between Ru and Mn, and intrinsic high electrochemical activity of the ruthenium metal.
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U2 - 10.1039/c7nj01408b
DO - 10.1039/c7nj01408b
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85027049927
VL - 41
SP - 8196
EP - 8202
JO - New Journal of Chemistry
JF - New Journal of Chemistry
SN - 1144-0546
IS - 16
ER -