TY - JOUR
T1 - Single and repeated oral dose toxicity study of fucoxanthin (FX), a marine carotenoid, in mice
AU - Beppu, Fumiaki
AU - Niwano, Yoshimi
AU - Tsukui, Takayuki
AU - Hosokawa, Masashi
AU - Miyashita, Kazuo
PY - 2009/10
Y1 - 2009/10
N2 - Fucoxanthin (FX), a xanthophyll derivative, is an orange-colored pigment present in edible brown algae. As a part of safety evaluation, single and repeated oral dose toxicity study of FX was conducted. In a single dose study, FX purified from seaweed was orally administered to male and female ICR mice at doses of 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg. In a repeated doses study, FX at doses of 500 and 1,000 mg/kg was orally administered for 30 days. In both studies, no mortality and no abnormalities in gross appearance were observed. In the repeated doses study, histological observation revealed no abnormal changes in liver, kidney, spleen and gonadal tissues of any of the FX-treated groups. However, significantly increased total cholesterol concentrations were shown by plasma biochemical analyses in all FX-treated groups. Although total bilirubin concentrations were increased by FX, it was established that presence of fucoxanthinol, a major metabolite of FX, interfered with bilirubin determination in plasma. To further ascertain the safety of FX, the mechanism by which FX induces hypercholesterolemia in mice and species differences in the induction of hypercholesterolemia should be elucidated.
AB - Fucoxanthin (FX), a xanthophyll derivative, is an orange-colored pigment present in edible brown algae. As a part of safety evaluation, single and repeated oral dose toxicity study of FX was conducted. In a single dose study, FX purified from seaweed was orally administered to male and female ICR mice at doses of 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg. In a repeated doses study, FX at doses of 500 and 1,000 mg/kg was orally administered for 30 days. In both studies, no mortality and no abnormalities in gross appearance were observed. In the repeated doses study, histological observation revealed no abnormal changes in liver, kidney, spleen and gonadal tissues of any of the FX-treated groups. However, significantly increased total cholesterol concentrations were shown by plasma biochemical analyses in all FX-treated groups. Although total bilirubin concentrations were increased by FX, it was established that presence of fucoxanthinol, a major metabolite of FX, interfered with bilirubin determination in plasma. To further ascertain the safety of FX, the mechanism by which FX induces hypercholesterolemia in mice and species differences in the induction of hypercholesterolemia should be elucidated.
KW - Fucoxanthin
KW - Marine carotenoid
KW - Mice
KW - Oral administration
KW - Safety evaluation
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U2 - 10.2131/jts.34.501
DO - 10.2131/jts.34.501
M3 - Article
C2 - 19797858
AN - SCOPUS:70349904741
VL - 34
SP - 501
EP - 510
JO - Journal of Toxicological Sciences
JF - Journal of Toxicological Sciences
SN - 1880-3989
IS - 5
ER -