Shape-controlled F-doped TiO₂ nanocrystals for Mg-ion batteries

We study the effect of F aliovalent doping into TiO₂ nanocrystals to the electrode performance in magnesium ion battery. The shaped/morphological tuning of F-doped anatase TiO₂ nanocrystals with exposed {001} and {101} facets was done to optimize the structural features to improve electrochemical properties in Mg-ion battery. The experiment results show the preferable intercalation of Mg²⁺ ion into F-doped anatase TiO₂ compared to pure TiO₂. The Mg-ion storage properties were improved with higher percentage of {001} exposed facets. The best TiO₂ material electrodes deliver a high reversible specific capacity of 77.2 mAh g⁻¹ at current rate of 20 mA g⁻¹ and remains 63.7 mAh g⁻¹ after 50 cycles. This work highlights the importance of defect engineering and surface control to boost electrochemical performance in Mg-ion batteries.