Robust mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of new low-cost hot-forged and aged β-type Ti–14Mn–(x)Zr alloys

Low-cost β-type Ti–14Mn–(x)Zr (x = 0, 3, or 6 wt%) alloys were developed and prepared using single-electrode arc furnace, and the effects of the zirconium (Zr) content and thermomechanical treatment on the phase stability, microstructural evolution, hardness, compressive stress, and corrosion resistance of the alloys were studied. The alloy thickness was reduced by approximately 45% by hot forging at 900 °C and were then water quenched and subsequently aged at 500 or 700 °C for different times. The combination of the proper Zr content, hot forging, and aging improved the alloy hardness, strength, and ductility. The dual (α + β) structure formed in the 6Zr alloy forged and then aged at 700 °C for 60 ks resulted in a high compressive yield stress of 1127 MPa and malleability above 70%. The forged and annealed alloys exhibited superior properties to commercial Ti–6Al–4 V (lower cost, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties). The study findings elucidate the relationship between the composition and processing properties of low-cost Ti–14Mn–(x)Zr alloys for potential biomedical applications.