Abstract
Furan-resin-derived carbon generally produces a glass-like carbon (GC) having entangled graphene layers after high temperature heat treatments. However, furan-resin-derived carbon produced well-graphitized thin skin on surfaces after heat-treatment at 3000 °C. Since ion implantation is a useful technique for surface modification, we used them to investigate the mechanism of well-graphitized thin skin on surfaces of furan-resin-derived carbon after heat-treatment at 3000 °C. In this investigation, we observed morphological changes on Ar+ or Xe+ implanted GC surfaces using SEM&TEM and Raman spectroscopy. Ar or Xe ions were implanted into the furan-resin-derived carbon heat-treated at 3000 °C at energy of 60-160 keV at a fluence ranging from 1×1015 to 1×1017 ions/cm2. Microstructural changes were examined by Raman spectroscopy. The implanted surfaces of the specimens were changed to an amorphous structure by the ion implantation. Moreover, morphological SEM&TEM observations revealed that clear bubbles with diameter of 10-80 nm were present in the Ar+-implanted specimen at a fluence of 1×1017 ions/cm2. However, bubbles did not appear in the Ar+-implanted specimen at a fluence of 1×1016 ions/cm2. On the other hand, bubbles with diameter of 15-30 nm were present in the Xe+-implanted specimens at a fluence of 1×1016 ions/cm2. The Xe+-implanted specimens were subjected to annealing of re-heat-treatment at 3000 °C. After the annealing, the bubbles were lost in the interior of specimens by cross-sectional SEM observations. Moreover, on the implanted surfaces appeared big bubbles, which were not presented on the implanted surface before annealing. The sizes of these big bubbles were about 2-10 μm. Using Raman spectroscopy, we observed that on the surface of the big bubbles the structure was re-well-graphitized. On the surface of non-bubbled areas it was less graphitized. Thus annealing provided a restoration of the structural, but much effective only on the bubble surfaces.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 216-220 |
Number of pages | 5 |
Journal | Surface and Coatings Technology |
Volume | 196 |
Issue number | 1-3 SPEC. ISS. |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2005 Jun 22 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Bubbles
- Furan-resin-derived carbon (glass-like carbon)
- Implantations
- Raman spectroscopy
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Chemistry(all)
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Surfaces and Interfaces
- Surfaces, Coatings and Films
- Materials Chemistry