@article{fd05b57c585e40cb8631c93b9fe95423,
title = "Prolonged high-intensity exercise induces fluctuating immune responses to herpes simplex virus infection via glucocorticoids",
abstract = "Background: Epidemiologic studies have yielded conflicting results regarding the influence of a single bout of prolonged high-intensity exercise on viral infection. Objective: We sought to learn whether prolonged high-intensity exercise either exacerbates or ameliorates herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection according to the interval between virus exposure and exercise. Methods: Mice were intravaginally infected with HSV-2 and exposed to run on the treadmill. Results: Prolonged high-intensity exercise 17 hours after infection impaired the clearance of HSV-2, while exercise 8 hours after infection enhanced the clearance of HSV-2. These impaired or enhanced immune responses were related to a transient decrease or increase in the number of blood-circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Exercise-induced glucocorticoids transiently decreased the number of circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells by facilitating their homing to the bone marrow via the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis, which led to their subsequent increase in the blood. Conclusion: A single bout of prolonged high-intensity exercise can be either deleterious or beneficial to antiviral immunity.",
keywords = "corticosterone, CXCL12, CXCR4, fluctuation, glucocorticoids, HSV-2, plasmacytoid dendritic cell, Prolonged high-intensity exercise, viral infection",
author = "Akimasa Adachi and Tetsuya Honda and Teruki Dainichi and Gyohei Egawa and Yosuke Yamamoto and Takashi Nomura and Saeko Nakajima and Atsushi Otsuka and Masamitsu Maekawa and Nariyasu Mano and Naoto Koyanagi and Yasushi Kawaguchi and Toshiaki Ohteki and Takashi Nagasawa and Koichi Ikuta and Akihiko Kitoh and Kenji Kabashima",
note = "Funding Information: We thank G{\"u}nther Sch{\"u}tz for providing B6.129-Nr3c1 tm2Gsc (Nr3c1 fl/fl ) mice, Kaori Tomari and Hiromi Doi for technical assistance, and Fumihiko Matsuda, Yasushi Ishihama, Masatoshi Hagiwara, Hiroshi Onogi, and Atsuyasu Satoh for discussing our study design. This work was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI ( JP19K08790 , JP15H05906 [T.H.], and 263395 [K.K.]), Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (15H05790, 15H1155, 15K15417 [K.K.], and JP15H05897), Japan Science, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) (19ek0410062s0201 [T.H.], 16ek0410011h0003, and 16he0902003h0002 [K.K.]), Takeda Science Foundation, and AMED-CREST under grant JP19gm1210006. Funding Information: We thank G?nther Sch?tz for providing B6.129-Nr3c1tm2Gsc(Nr3c1fl/fl) mice, Kaori Tomari and Hiromi Doi for technical assistance, and Fumihiko Matsuda, Yasushi Ishihama, Masatoshi Hagiwara, Hiroshi Onogi, and Atsuyasu Satoh for discussing our study design. This work was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI (JP19K08790, JP15H05906 [T.H.], and 263395 [K.K.]), Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (15H05790, 15H1155, 15K15417 [K.K.], and JP15H05897), Japan Science, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) (19ek0410062s0201 [T.H.], 16ek0410011h0003, and 16he0902003h0002 [K.K.]), Takeda Science Foundation, and AMED-CREST under grant JP19gm1210006. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021",
year = "2021",
doi = "10.1016/j.jaci.2021.04.028",
language = "English",
journal = "Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology",
issn = "0091-6749",
publisher = "Mosby Inc.",
}