TY - JOUR
T1 - Procyanidins and butanol extract of Cinnamomi Cortex inhibit SARS-CoV infection
AU - Zhuang, Min
AU - Jiang, Hong
AU - Suzuki, Yasuhiro
AU - Li, Xiaoguang
AU - Xiao, Peng
AU - Tanaka, Takashi
AU - Ling, Hong
AU - Yang, Baofeng
AU - Saitoh, Hiroki
AU - Zhang, Lianfeng
AU - Qin, Chuan
AU - Sugamura, Kazuo
AU - Hattori, Toshio
PY - 2009/4
Y1 - 2009/4
N2 - We found that the butanol fraction of Cinnamomi Cortex (CC/Fr.2) showed moderate inhibitory activity in wild-type severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (wtSARS-CoV) and HIV/SARS-CoV S pseudovirus infections. The inhibition on pseudovirus was also seen in cells pretreated with the CC and CC/Fr.2 (IC50S, 283.4 ± 16.3 and 149.5 ± 13.5 μg/ml, respectively), however the highest activities on wtSARS-CoV were observed when the viruses were treated by the extracts before challenging (IC50S, 43.1 ± 2.8 and 7.8 ± 0.3 μg/ml; SIs, 8.4 and 23.1, respectively). Among the compounds fractionated from CC, procyanidin A2 and procyanidin B1 showed moderate anti-wtSARS-CoV activity (IC50S, 29.9 ± 3.3 and 41.3 ± 3.4 μM; SIs, 37.35 and 15.69, respectively). We also sought to determine whether they could interfere with the clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway using transferrin receptor (TfR) as an indicator. CC/Fr.2 inhibited the internalization of TfR but the procyanidins did not. Taken together, CC/Fr.2 contains unknown substances, that could inhibit the infection, probably by interfering with endocytosis, and it also contains procyanidins that did not inhibit the internalization but inhibited the infection. Therefore, CC extracts contain anti-virus activities that act through distinct mechanisms according to differences in the compounds or mixtures.
AB - We found that the butanol fraction of Cinnamomi Cortex (CC/Fr.2) showed moderate inhibitory activity in wild-type severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (wtSARS-CoV) and HIV/SARS-CoV S pseudovirus infections. The inhibition on pseudovirus was also seen in cells pretreated with the CC and CC/Fr.2 (IC50S, 283.4 ± 16.3 and 149.5 ± 13.5 μg/ml, respectively), however the highest activities on wtSARS-CoV were observed when the viruses were treated by the extracts before challenging (IC50S, 43.1 ± 2.8 and 7.8 ± 0.3 μg/ml; SIs, 8.4 and 23.1, respectively). Among the compounds fractionated from CC, procyanidin A2 and procyanidin B1 showed moderate anti-wtSARS-CoV activity (IC50S, 29.9 ± 3.3 and 41.3 ± 3.4 μM; SIs, 37.35 and 15.69, respectively). We also sought to determine whether they could interfere with the clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway using transferrin receptor (TfR) as an indicator. CC/Fr.2 inhibited the internalization of TfR but the procyanidins did not. Taken together, CC/Fr.2 contains unknown substances, that could inhibit the infection, probably by interfering with endocytosis, and it also contains procyanidins that did not inhibit the internalization but inhibited the infection. Therefore, CC extracts contain anti-virus activities that act through distinct mechanisms according to differences in the compounds or mixtures.
KW - Cinnamomi Cortex
KW - Medicinal herbs
KW - Pseudovirus
KW - SARS-CoV
KW - Transferrin receptor
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U2 - 10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.02.001
DO - 10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.02.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 19428598
AN - SCOPUS:62049085130
VL - 82
SP - 73
EP - 81
JO - Antiviral Research
JF - Antiviral Research
SN - 0166-3542
IS - 1
ER -