Polyamine homeostasis in plants: The role(s) of evolutionarily conserved upstream ORFs

Sunil Kumar Thalor; Thomas Berberich; Tomonobu Kusano

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-55212-3_9

Polyamine homeostasis in plants: The role(s) of evolutionarily conserved upstream ORFs

Sunil Kumar Thalor, Thomas Berberich, Tomonobu Kusano

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter

1 Citation (Scopus)

Abstract

Cellular polyamine (PA) concentrations are strictly controlled by complex regulatory processes that occur during the synthesis, catabolism, and transport of this compound. These processes include translational repression mediated by upstream open reading frames (uORFs) found in the mRNAs of genes involved in PA metabolism. First, we discuss the roles of dual uORFs in the S -adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene. Second, we summarize the role of the fourth uORF in a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor gene, SAC51, in thermospermine action in terms of its effect on xylem vessel differentiation and stem growth. Third, we discuss the sequence-conserved uORFs found in polyamine oxidase (PAO) transcripts encoding peroxisome-localized PAOs. It is currently unclear whether these uORFs cause the repression of PAO translation. Finally, because uORF-mediated repression of arginine decarboxylase (ADC) translation was reported in carnation, we critically assess the role of uORF in ADC translation.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Polyamines
Subtitle of host publication	A Universal Molecular Nexus for Growth, Survival, and Specialized Metabolism
Publisher	Springer Japan
Pages	111-118
Number of pages	8
ISBN (Electronic)	9784431552123
ISBN (Print)	9784431552116
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55212-3_9
Publication status	Published - 2015 Jan 1

Keywords

Acaulis5
Arginine decarboxylase
Feedback regulation
Homeostasis
Polyamine oxidase
SAMDC
Thermospermine
Translational control
Upstream open reading frame

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
Medicine(all)

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10.1007/978-4-431-55212-3_9

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abstract = "Cellular polyamine (PA) concentrations are strictly controlled by complex regulatory processes that occur during the synthesis, catabolism, and transport of this compound. These processes include translational repression mediated by upstream open reading frames (uORFs) found in the mRNAs of genes involved in PA metabolism. First, we discuss the roles of dual uORFs in the S -adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene. Second, we summarize the role of the fourth uORF in a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor gene, SAC51, in thermospermine action in terms of its effect on xylem vessel differentiation and stem growth. Third, we discuss the sequence-conserved uORFs found in polyamine oxidase (PAO) transcripts encoding peroxisome-localized PAOs. It is currently unclear whether these uORFs cause the repression of PAO translation. Finally, because uORF-mediated repression of arginine decarboxylase (ADC) translation was reported in carnation, we critically assess the role of uORF in ADC translation.",

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