TY - GEN
T1 - Physical Zero-Knowledge Proof for Suguru Puzzle
AU - Robert, Léo
AU - Miyahara, Daiki
AU - Lafourcade, Pascal
AU - Mizuki, Takaaki
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgements. We thank the anonymous referees, whose comments have helped us to improve the presentation of the paper. This work was supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP19J21153.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Suguru is a paper and pencil puzzle invented by Naoki Inaba. The goal of the game is to fulfil a grid with numbers between 1 and 5 and to respect three simple constraints. In this paper we design a physical Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP) protocol for Suguru. A ZKP protocol allows a prover (P) to prove that he knows a solution of a Suguru grid to a verifier (V) without leaking any information on the solution. For constructing such a physical ZKP protocol, we only rely on a small number of physical cards and an adapted encoding. For a grid of Suguru with n cells, we only use 5 n+ 5 cards. Moreover, we prove the three classical security properties of a ZKP: completeness, extractability, and zero-knowledge.
AB - Suguru is a paper and pencil puzzle invented by Naoki Inaba. The goal of the game is to fulfil a grid with numbers between 1 and 5 and to respect three simple constraints. In this paper we design a physical Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP) protocol for Suguru. A ZKP protocol allows a prover (P) to prove that he knows a solution of a Suguru grid to a verifier (V) without leaking any information on the solution. For constructing such a physical ZKP protocol, we only rely on a small number of physical cards and an adapted encoding. For a grid of Suguru with n cells, we only use 5 n+ 5 cards. Moreover, we prove the three classical security properties of a ZKP: completeness, extractability, and zero-knowledge.
KW - Completeness
KW - Extractability
KW - Physical zero-knowledge proof
KW - Security
KW - Suguru
KW - Zero-knowledge
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U2 - 10.1007/978-3-030-64348-5_19
DO - 10.1007/978-3-030-64348-5_19
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85097643494
SN - 9783030643478
T3 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
SP - 235
EP - 247
BT - Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems - 22nd International Symposium, SSS 2020, Proceedings
A2 - Devismes, Stéphane
A2 - Mittal, Neeraj
PB - Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
T2 - 22nd International Symposium on Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems, SSS 2020
Y2 - 18 November 2020 through 21 November 2020
ER -