Abstract
In the early 1980s, we proposed a unifying model for β-cell damage (The OKAMOTO model), in which poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase/polymerase (PARP) activation plays an essential role in the consumption of NAD+, which leads to energy depletion and necrotic cell death. In 1984, we demonstrated that the administration of PARP inhibitors to 90% depancreatized rats induces islet regeneration. From the regenerating islet-derived cDNA library we isolated Reg (Regenerating Gene) and demonstrated that Reg protein induces β-cell replication via the Reg receptor and ameliorates experimental diabetes. More recently, we showed that the combined addition of IL-6 and dexamethasone induces the Reg gene expression in β-cells and that PARP inhibitors enhance the expression. In 1993, we found that cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), a product synthesized from NAD+, is a second messenger for intracellular Ca2+ mobilization for insulin secretion by glucose, and proposed a novel mechanism of insulin secretion, the CD38-cADPR signal system. Therefore, PARP inhibitors prevent β-cell necrosis, induce β-cell replication and maintain insulin secretion.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 79-96 |
Number of pages | 18 |
Journal | International Journal of Experimental Diabetes Research |
Volume | 3 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2002 |
Keywords
- Cyclic ADP-ribose
- Necrosis
- Poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase/polymerase (PARP)
- Reg gene
- The Okamoto model
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
- Endocrinology