Abstract
Reactive oxygen species can directly cause covalent modifications to DNA. Alternatively, they can initiate the formation of lipid hydroperoxides, which undergo homolytic decomposition to the α,β-unsaturated aldehyde genotoxins, 4-oxo-2-nonenal, 4,5-epoxy-2(E)-decenal, and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal through two quite separate pathways. One pathway involves a complex rearrangement of the alkoxy radical derived from the lipid hydroperoxide. The other pathway involves the intermediate formation of 4-hydroperoxy-2-nonenal. Lipid hydroperoxides can also be derived from the action of lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases on polyunsaturated fatty acids. 4,5-Epoxy-2(E)-decenal forms etheno-2′-deoxyadenosine adduct with DNA, a mutagenic lesion observed in human tissue DNA samples. Several new ethano- and etheno-DNA adducts have been identified from the reaction of 4-oxo-2-nonenal with DNA. Malondialdehyde, another genotoxic bifunctional electrophile, forms a propano adduct with 2′-deoxyguanosine (M1G-dR) rather than an etheno adduct. Very little is known about the consequences of lipid hydroperoxide-mediated DNA damage in cardiovascular diseases. This should prove to be an important area for future research.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 148-155 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine |
Volume | 11 |
Issue number | 3-4 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2001 Nov 28 |
Externally published | Yes |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine