TY - JOUR
T1 - One-step synthesis of triethynylvinylmethanes and tetraethynylmethanes by GaCl3-promoted diethynylation of 1,4-enynes and 1,4-diynes
AU - Amemiya, Ryo
AU - Suwa, Katsunori
AU - Toriyama, Junji
AU - Nishimura, Yoshio
AU - Yamaguchi, Masahiko
PY - 2005/6/15
Y1 - 2005/6/15
N2 - The treatment of 1,4-enynes with chlorotriethylsilylacetylene at 130 °C in the presence of GaCl3 gave triethynylvinylmethanes by the diethynylation at the allylic methylene moiety. The addition of 2,6-di(tert-butyl)-4-methylpyridine and tert-butyldiphenylsilanol considerably improved the yields of the products by reducing the decompositions of the substrates and products. The reaction should involve the initial formation of allylgallium from the enynes and GaCl3, where GaCl3 activated hydrocarbon C-H to generate a nucleophilic organogallium intermediate. Carbometalation with chloroacetylene followed by β-elimination then led to the ethynylated product. Triethynylvinylmethanes were obtained by the repeated regioselective ethynylation at the 3-position of the enynes. The reaction of allylsilanes with the chloroacetylene also gave diethynylvinylmethanes, in which 1,4-enynes were formed in situ by the addition-elimination of allylgallium formed from allylsilane and GaCl3. Tetraethynylmethanes were obtained by reacting 1,4-diynes with the chloroacetylene at 150 °C. The structure and amount of silanol can be used to control the reactivity of GaCl3.
AB - The treatment of 1,4-enynes with chlorotriethylsilylacetylene at 130 °C in the presence of GaCl3 gave triethynylvinylmethanes by the diethynylation at the allylic methylene moiety. The addition of 2,6-di(tert-butyl)-4-methylpyridine and tert-butyldiphenylsilanol considerably improved the yields of the products by reducing the decompositions of the substrates and products. The reaction should involve the initial formation of allylgallium from the enynes and GaCl3, where GaCl3 activated hydrocarbon C-H to generate a nucleophilic organogallium intermediate. Carbometalation with chloroacetylene followed by β-elimination then led to the ethynylated product. Triethynylvinylmethanes were obtained by the repeated regioselective ethynylation at the 3-position of the enynes. The reaction of allylsilanes with the chloroacetylene also gave diethynylvinylmethanes, in which 1,4-enynes were formed in situ by the addition-elimination of allylgallium formed from allylsilane and GaCl3. Tetraethynylmethanes were obtained by reacting 1,4-diynes with the chloroacetylene at 150 °C. The structure and amount of silanol can be used to control the reactivity of GaCl3.
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U2 - 10.1021/ja051416l
DO - 10.1021/ja051416l
M3 - Article
C2 - 15941236
AN - SCOPUS:20444503312
VL - 127
SP - 8252
EP - 8253
JO - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society
SN - 0002-7863
IS - 23
ER -