TY - JOUR
T1 - Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy with exemestane followed by response-guided combination therapy with low-dose cyclophosphamide in postmenopausal patients with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
T2 - A multicenter, open-label, phase II study
AU - Sato, Nobuaki
AU - Masuda, Norikazu
AU - Morimoto, Takashi
AU - Ueno, Takayuki
AU - Kanbayashi, Chizuko
AU - Kaneko, Koji
AU - Yasojima, Hiroyuki
AU - Saji, Shigehira
AU - Sasano, Hironobu
AU - Morita, Satoshi
AU - Ohno, Shinji
AU - Toi, Masakazu
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was funded by the Japan Breast Cancer Research Group.
Funding Information:
NS received remuneration from Chugai Pharmaceutical, AstraZeneca, Eisai, Pfizer, and Taiho Pharmaceutical. NM received remuneration from Chugai Pharmaceutical, AstraZeneca, and Pfizer, and funding from Chugai Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, Novartis Pharma, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, MSD, and Kyowa Hakko Kirin. SS received remuneration from AstraZeneca, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Eisai, Novartis and Pfizer. SM received remuneration from Pfizer outside the submitted work. SO received remuneration from Chugai Pharmaceutical, AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Novartis Pharma, Taiho Pharmaceutical, Sanofi, and Kyowa Hakko Kirin. MT received remuneration from Taiho Pharmaceutical, Novartis Pharma, AstraZeneca, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Genomic Health, has consultant/ advisory role at Genomic Health, and received funding from Pfizer. TM, TU, CK, KK, HY, and HS have nothing to disclose.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PY - 2018/7
Y1 - 2018/7
N2 - Patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer are less likely to achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy may be more appropriate than neoadjuvant chemotherapy in these hormone-sensitive patients. Most patients with ER-positive breast cancer are postmenopausal, and therefore, generally older and less able to tolerate chemotherapy. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of tailored neoadjuvant endocrine and chemoendocrine therapy for postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Untreated patients with primary invasive ER-positive, HER2-negative, stage I-IIIA breast cancer, and Ki67 index ≤30% were enrolled. Patients received exemestane 25 mg/d for 12 weeks. Based on clinical response and change in Ki67 index, assessed at 8-12 weeks, patients with complete response (CR), partial response (PR) with Ki67 index ≤5% after treatment, or stable disease (SD) with Ki67 index ≤5% before and after treatment were defined as responders. For the subsequent 24 weeks, responders continued exemestane monotherapy (group A), and nonresponders received exemestane 25 mg/d plus cyclophosphamide 50 mg/d (group B). The primary endpoint was clinical response at weeks 24 and 36. A total of 59 patients (median age, 69 years) started initial exemestane monotherapy. After exclusion of three patients who discontinued during this period, 56 remained enrolled to receive subsequent treatment. Clinical response rates (CR and PR) and 95% CI at weeks 24 and 36 were 85% (12/14; 57.2%-98.2%) and 71% (10/14; 41.9%-91.6%), respectively, in group A; and 54% (23/42; 38.7%-70.2%) and 71% (30/42; 55.4%-84.3%), respectively, in group B. At week 36, no significant difference was found in median Ki67 index between the groups (3.5% and 4.0%). There were no treatment-related deaths. We found that clinical response comparable to that of responders was achieved in nonresponders after addition of cyclophosphamide to the initial endocrine therapy.
AB - Patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer are less likely to achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy may be more appropriate than neoadjuvant chemotherapy in these hormone-sensitive patients. Most patients with ER-positive breast cancer are postmenopausal, and therefore, generally older and less able to tolerate chemotherapy. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of tailored neoadjuvant endocrine and chemoendocrine therapy for postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Untreated patients with primary invasive ER-positive, HER2-negative, stage I-IIIA breast cancer, and Ki67 index ≤30% were enrolled. Patients received exemestane 25 mg/d for 12 weeks. Based on clinical response and change in Ki67 index, assessed at 8-12 weeks, patients with complete response (CR), partial response (PR) with Ki67 index ≤5% after treatment, or stable disease (SD) with Ki67 index ≤5% before and after treatment were defined as responders. For the subsequent 24 weeks, responders continued exemestane monotherapy (group A), and nonresponders received exemestane 25 mg/d plus cyclophosphamide 50 mg/d (group B). The primary endpoint was clinical response at weeks 24 and 36. A total of 59 patients (median age, 69 years) started initial exemestane monotherapy. After exclusion of three patients who discontinued during this period, 56 remained enrolled to receive subsequent treatment. Clinical response rates (CR and PR) and 95% CI at weeks 24 and 36 were 85% (12/14; 57.2%-98.2%) and 71% (10/14; 41.9%-91.6%), respectively, in group A; and 54% (23/42; 38.7%-70.2%) and 71% (30/42; 55.4%-84.3%), respectively, in group B. At week 36, no significant difference was found in median Ki67 index between the groups (3.5% and 4.0%). There were no treatment-related deaths. We found that clinical response comparable to that of responders was achieved in nonresponders after addition of cyclophosphamide to the initial endocrine therapy.
KW - Ki67 index
KW - aromatase inhibitors
KW - breast neoplasms
KW - neoadjuvant therapy
KW - postmenopause
KW - tailored therapy
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U2 - 10.1002/cam4.1600
DO - 10.1002/cam4.1600
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85050138413
VL - 7
SP - 3044
EP - 3056
JO - Cancer Medicine
JF - Cancer Medicine
SN - 2045-7634
IS - 7
ER -