TY - JOUR
T1 - Negative-to-Positive Thermal Conductivity Temperature Coefficient Transition Induced by Dynamic Fluctuations of the Alkyl Chains in the Layered Complex (C4H9NH3)2CuCl4
AU - Hoshino, Norihisa
AU - Tamura, Syunsaku
AU - Akutagawa, Tomoyuki
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was partly supported by Grants-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) (No. 17K14454) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan. T.A. thanks the support by CREST-JST (No. JPMJCR18I4).
Funding Information:
This work was partly supported by Grants‐in‐Aid for Young Scientists (B) (No. 17K14454) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan. T.A. thanks the support by CREST‐JST (No. JPMJCR18I4).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
PY - 2020/2/26
Y1 - 2020/2/26
N2 - A negative-to-positive transition of the temperature coefficients of thermal conductivity was found in the two-dimensional organic–inorganic layered complex (C4H9NH3)2CuCl4 (C4CuCl4) over the three structural phase transitions in the range 176–218 K. The coefficients of the low-temperature phases (85–200 K, α and β phases) were negative, as is typical for insulating crystals, whereas those of the high-temperature phases (200–300 K, γ and δ phases) were positive, as is typical for glasses and liquids. Single-crystal X-ray structure analyses revealed that the tilted C4H9NH3 + chains in the α and β phases were fully outstretched in the δ phase, and the interlayer distances between the CuCl4 2− planes increased significantly. The γ phase was an intermediate phase that crystallized with an incommensurate structure, in which the CuCl4 2− sheets formed wave-like structures consisting of connected alternating regions of β-like and δ-like moieties. In the γ and δ phases, thermal fluctuations of the C4H9NH3 + chains were found in the electron density maps; however, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) data indicated that the thermal expansion of the C4H9NH3 + layers was restricted by the rigid CuCl4 2− layers. This situation was considered to induce glass-like thermal conducting properties in the material, such as a positive temperature coefficient. The mean free path of the phonons estimated by using the thermal conductivities and heat capacities was a function of T−1 in the range 85–200 K, as would be expected for crystals, whereas it was approximately constant in the range 200–300 K, which is typical of glasses. In addition, the existence of soft vibration modes in the two-dimensional perovskite CuCl4 2− sheets was revealed by analysis of the incommensurate crystal structure of the γ phase. These low-energy vibration modes were believed to induce the cooperative phase transitions, along with the thermal fluctuations and van der Waals interactions in the C4H9NH3 + layers.
AB - A negative-to-positive transition of the temperature coefficients of thermal conductivity was found in the two-dimensional organic–inorganic layered complex (C4H9NH3)2CuCl4 (C4CuCl4) over the three structural phase transitions in the range 176–218 K. The coefficients of the low-temperature phases (85–200 K, α and β phases) were negative, as is typical for insulating crystals, whereas those of the high-temperature phases (200–300 K, γ and δ phases) were positive, as is typical for glasses and liquids. Single-crystal X-ray structure analyses revealed that the tilted C4H9NH3 + chains in the α and β phases were fully outstretched in the δ phase, and the interlayer distances between the CuCl4 2− planes increased significantly. The γ phase was an intermediate phase that crystallized with an incommensurate structure, in which the CuCl4 2− sheets formed wave-like structures consisting of connected alternating regions of β-like and δ-like moieties. In the γ and δ phases, thermal fluctuations of the C4H9NH3 + chains were found in the electron density maps; however, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) data indicated that the thermal expansion of the C4H9NH3 + layers was restricted by the rigid CuCl4 2− layers. This situation was considered to induce glass-like thermal conducting properties in the material, such as a positive temperature coefficient. The mean free path of the phonons estimated by using the thermal conductivities and heat capacities was a function of T−1 in the range 85–200 K, as would be expected for crystals, whereas it was approximately constant in the range 200–300 K, which is typical of glasses. In addition, the existence of soft vibration modes in the two-dimensional perovskite CuCl4 2− sheets was revealed by analysis of the incommensurate crystal structure of the γ phase. These low-energy vibration modes were believed to induce the cooperative phase transitions, along with the thermal fluctuations and van der Waals interactions in the C4H9NH3 + layers.
KW - 2D perovskites
KW - molecular crystals
KW - temperature coefficients
KW - thermal conductivity
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U2 - 10.1002/chem.201904553
DO - 10.1002/chem.201904553
M3 - Article
C2 - 31825118
AN - SCOPUS:85078788370
VL - 26
SP - 2610
EP - 2618
JO - Chemistry - A European Journal
JF - Chemistry - A European Journal
SN - 0947-6539
IS - 12
ER -