Nano-fabrication of CDW and its negative resistance phenomenon

Nano-fabrication of CDW (nano-CDW) with sub 0.1 micrometer thick has been successfully formed by applying of focused-ion-beam to the one-dimensional conductor, molybdenum blue bronze (K_0.3MoO₃) crystal. The nano-CDW characteristically shows negative resistance above the threshold fields, which monotonously increased with decreasing temperature. The nano-fabrication is completed via two steps procedure. 1st: Hydrogen ion beam irradiation to the K_0.3MoO₃ crystal makes no-CDW layer by hydrogen atoms as excess-donar at 40-100 nm depth, where CDW at the surface of the crystal was isolated from the bulk side. 2nd: Scanning focused silicon ion beam makes amorphous MoO₃ in line and space patterns, where CDW at the surface are isolated as real one-dimensional region. The one-dimensionality of electrons has been confirmed by negative magnetic resistance, which magnitude should be reduced with decreasing dimensionality.