Abstract
Self-assembly of multichips with metal microbump electrodes is demonstrated by using water surface tension to increase the stacking throughput/yield and chip alignment accuracy of conventional chip-to-wafer 3-D integration. Three-dimensional microbump interconnects are formed by self-assembly with thermal compression at 200 °C. Chips with In-Au microbumps with pitches of 10 and 20 μm are tightly bonded to Si wafers after the flip-chip self-assembly process, resulting in high alignment accuracies of 0.8 and 0.2 μm in the x-and y-directions, respectively. Selective hydrophilization by 172-nm excimer lamp irradiation gives a high wettability contrast between hydrophilic chip bonding areas and hydrophobic surrounding areas on the wafers. This assists high-precision multichip self-assembly. A 2500-In-Au-microbump daisy chain is formed with a yield of 100% by flip-chip self-assembly, and it exhibits ohmic contact. The resistance is sufficiently low for 3-D large-scale integration application, being comparable to that obtained by conventional mechanical chip alignment.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 6298952 |
Pages (from-to) | 2956-2963 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices |
Volume | 59 |
Issue number | 11 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2012 |
Keywords
- 3D integration
- Excimer light
- flip-chip bonding
- self-assembly
- surface tension
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering