Abstract
We studied the in vitro and in vivo activities of roxithromycin (RXM) against three species of Chlamydia, Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia pneumoniae, and compared its therapeutic efficacy against C. psittaci-induced pneumonia in mice with erythromycin, clarythromycin and minocycline. In addition, we studied the clinical efficacy of RXM in patients with chlamydial respiratory infection. The results were as follows: 1. Antibacterial activity: In vitro and in vivo activities of RXM against Chlamydiae were investigated. MICs of RXM against the strains of C. pneumoniae (TW-183, AR-39, AR-388 and our own isolate KKpn-1), C. psittaci (Budgerigar, California 10) and C. trachomatis (serobar D/UW-3/Cx) were 0.063 to 0.25 μg/ml, superior to those of erythromycin and ofloxacin, but inferior to those of minocycline and clarythromycin. In the therapeutic efficacy of RXM against experimental C. psittaci pneumonia, the survival rates of mice treated with RXM at 10 and 20 mg/kg twice daily for 7 days were 100% at 2 weeks after infection, while 0 −70% of the animals treated with EM survived. 2. Clinical efficacy and safety: RXM was administered orally to 19 patients with chlamydial respiratory infection at a dosage of 300 mg daily for 3 to 21 days, and clinical efficacy was evaluated in 14 cases. The Clinical efficacy was excellent in 2, good in 11 and fair in 1; the efficacy rate was 92.9% (13/14). As to side effects, abdominal pain and melena were observed in one case. As abnormal laboratory findings, the elevation of GOT and γ-GTP and the elevation of γ-GTP and total bilirubin were observed in one case each. These abnormalities were all mild and transient. From these results, we conclude that RXM is one of the most useful macrolide agents for chlamydial respiratory infections.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 877-889 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | Chemotherapy |
Volume | 42 |
Issue number | 7 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1994 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- roxithromycin (RXM)
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pharmacology (medical)
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
- Drug Discovery
- Oncology