TY - JOUR
T1 - Investigation of multiple-dynein transport of melanosomes by non-invasive force measurement using fluctuation unit χ
AU - Hasegawa, Shin
AU - Sagawa, Takashi
AU - Ikeda, Kazuho
AU - Okada, Yasushi
AU - Hayashi, Kumiko
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Prof. K. Sasaki for the comments on this study. This work was supported by a grant from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (no. JP17gm5810009) and Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (nos 26104501, 26115702, 26310204, and 16H00819).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, The Author(s).
PY - 2019/12/1
Y1 - 2019/12/1
N2 - Pigment organelles known as melanosomes disperse or aggregate in a melanophore in response to hormones. These movements are mediated by the microtubule motors kinesin-2 and cytoplasmic dynein. However, the force generation mechanism of dynein, unlike that of kinesin, is not well understood. In this study, to address this issue, we investigated the dynein-mediated aggregation of melanosomes in zebrafish melanophores. We applied the fluctuation theorem of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics to estimate forces acting on melanosomes during transport by dynein, given that the energy of a system is related to its fluctuation. Our results demonstrate that multiple force-producing units cooperatively transport a single melanosome. Since the force is generated by dynein, this suggests that multiple dyneins carry a single melanosome. Cooperative transport has been reported for other organelles; thus, multiple-motor transport may be a universal mechanism for moving organelles within the cell.
AB - Pigment organelles known as melanosomes disperse or aggregate in a melanophore in response to hormones. These movements are mediated by the microtubule motors kinesin-2 and cytoplasmic dynein. However, the force generation mechanism of dynein, unlike that of kinesin, is not well understood. In this study, to address this issue, we investigated the dynein-mediated aggregation of melanosomes in zebrafish melanophores. We applied the fluctuation theorem of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics to estimate forces acting on melanosomes during transport by dynein, given that the energy of a system is related to its fluctuation. Our results demonstrate that multiple force-producing units cooperatively transport a single melanosome. Since the force is generated by dynein, this suggests that multiple dyneins carry a single melanosome. Cooperative transport has been reported for other organelles; thus, multiple-motor transport may be a universal mechanism for moving organelles within the cell.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85063474815&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85063474815&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41598-019-41458-w
DO - 10.1038/s41598-019-41458-w
M3 - Article
C2 - 30911050
AN - SCOPUS:85063474815
VL - 9
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
SN - 2045-2322
IS - 1
M1 - 5099
ER -