Influence of α-1,3-glucan synthase gene agsE on protoplast formation for transformation of Aspergillus luchuensis

Aspergillus luchuensis NBRC4314 recently underwent genome sequencing. We have not used the frequently used protoplast–polyethylene glycol (PEG) method but have used agrobacterium-mediated transformation (AMT) to genetically engineer this strain because it was difficult to generate protoplasts using commercial cell wall lytic enzymes. In this study, we initially investigated the various conditions for protoplast formation in A. luchuensis. We found that A. luchuensis protoplasts could be generated using a minimal medium for the preculture medium, a static culture for the preculture condition, and Yatalase and α-1,3-glucanase as cell-wall lytic enzymes. These protoplasts could then be transformed with the protoplast–PEG method. Because α-1,3-glucanase was needed to form protoplasts in A. luchuensis, we investigated the role of the α-1,3-glucan synthase gene agsE in protoplast formation, one of five α-1,3-glucan synthase genes in A. luchuensis and a homolog of the major α-1,3-glucan synthase agsB in Aspergillus nidulans. We disrupted agsE in A. luchuensis (ΔagsE) with AMT and found that protoplast formation in ΔagsE was comparable with protoplast formation in Aspergillus oryzae with Yatalase. The ΔagsE protoplasts were also competent for transformation with the protoplast–PEG method. Hence, agsE appears to inhibit protoplast formation in A. luchuensis.