Abstract
Recent findings show that immune cells constitute a large fraction of the tumor microenvironment and that they modulate tumor progression. Clinical data indicate that chronic inflammation is present at tumor sites and that IL-4, in particular, is upregulated. Thus, we tested whether IL-4 neutralization would affect tumor immunity. Current results demonstrate that the administration of a neutralizing antibody against IL-4 enhances anti-tumor immunity and delays tumor progression. IL-4 blockade also alters inflammation in the tumor microenvironment, reducing the generation of both immunosuppressive M2 macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and enhancing tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In addition, IL-4 blockade improves the response to anti-OX40 Ab or CpG oligodeoxynucleotide immunotherapies. These findings suggest that IL-4 affects anti-tumor immunity and constitutes an attractive therapeutic target to reduce immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment, thus enhancing the efficacy of cancer therapy.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1485-1496 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy |
Volume | 66 |
Issue number | 11 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2017 Nov 1 |
Keywords
- Anti-OX40 Ab
- CD8
- CpG ODN
- IL-4
- Macrophages
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology and Allergy
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Cancer Research