Hessian-based Lagrangian closure theory for passive scalar turbulence

Self-consistent closure theory for passive scalar turbulence has been developed on the basis of the Hessian of the scalar field. As a primitive indicator of spatial structure of the scalar, we employ the Hessian into the core of the theory to properly characterize the time scale intrinsic to the scalar field itself. The resultant closure model is now endowed with several realistic features, i.e., the scale locality of the interscale interaction, the detailed conservation, and the memory-fading effect. Applying the current theory to the inertial-convective range eventually leads to self-consistent derivation of the Obukhov-Corrsin spectrum with its universal constant consistent with numerical and experimental data.