TY - JOUR
T1 - Grand canonical finite-size numerical approaches
T2 - A route to measuring bulk properties in an applied field
AU - Hotta, Chisa
AU - Shibata, Naokazu
PY - 2012/7/24
Y1 - 2012/7/24
N2 - We exploit a prescription to observe directly the physical properties of the thermodynamic limit in a continuously applied field in one-dimensional quantum finite lattice systems. By systematically scaling down the energy of the Hamiltonian of the open system from center toward both ends, one could adopt the edge sites with a negligibly small energy scale as the grand canonical small particle bath, and equilibrium states with noninteger arbitrary conserved numbers, e.g., electron numbers or s z, are realized in the main part of the system. This will enable the evaluation of response functions under a continuously varying external field in a small lattice without any fine-tuning or scaling of parameters while keeping the standard numerical accuracy. Demonstrations are given on quantum spin systems and on a Hubbard model by the density-matrix renormalization group.
AB - We exploit a prescription to observe directly the physical properties of the thermodynamic limit in a continuously applied field in one-dimensional quantum finite lattice systems. By systematically scaling down the energy of the Hamiltonian of the open system from center toward both ends, one could adopt the edge sites with a negligibly small energy scale as the grand canonical small particle bath, and equilibrium states with noninteger arbitrary conserved numbers, e.g., electron numbers or s z, are realized in the main part of the system. This will enable the evaluation of response functions under a continuously varying external field in a small lattice without any fine-tuning or scaling of parameters while keeping the standard numerical accuracy. Demonstrations are given on quantum spin systems and on a Hubbard model by the density-matrix renormalization group.
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U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.041108
DO - 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.041108
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84864609033
VL - 86
JO - Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics
JF - Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics
SN - 0163-1829
IS - 4
M1 - 041108
ER -