@inproceedings{6ea2e25b60934779befa26ba5dd25ba5,
title = "Formation of bone-like apatite on polymeric surfaces modified with -SO 3H groups",
abstract = "Sulfonic groups (-SO3H) were covalently attached on different polymeric surfaces enabling them to induce apatite nucleation, for developing bioactive apatite-polymer composites with a bonelike 3-dimensional structure. High molecular weight polyethylene (HMWPE) and ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol co-polymer (EVOH) were used. The polymers were soaked in two types of sulphate-containing solutions with different concentrations, sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and chlorosulfonic acid (ClSO3H). To incorporate calcium ions into to the sulfonated polymers, the samples were soaked in a saturated Ca(OH)2 solution for 24 hours. After soaking of the samples in a simulated body fluid (SBF), formation of an apatite layer on both surfaces was observed. The results obtained prove the validity of the proposed concept and show that the -SO3H groups are effective on inducing apatite nucleation on the surface of these polymers.",
keywords = "Apatite, Bioactivity, Polymer, Simulated body fluid (SBF), Sulfonic groups (-SOh), Surface modification",
author = "Leonor, {I. B.} and Kim, {H. M.} and F. Balas and M. Kawashita and Reis, {R. L.} and T. Kokubo and T. Nakamura",
year = "2006",
month = jan,
day = "1",
language = "English",
isbn = "9780878494026",
series = "Materials Science Forum",
publisher = "Trans Tech Publications Ltd",
number = "PART 2",
pages = "966--969",
booktitle = "Fast Software Encryption - 14th International Workshop, FSE 2007, Revised Selected Papers",
edition = "PART 2",
note = "3rd International Materials Symposium and 12th Portuguese Materials Society Meeting 2005 ; Conference date: 20-03-2005 Through 23-03-2005",
}