Ferromagnetism of cobalt-doped anatase TiO 2 studied by bulk- and surface-sensitive soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism

V. R. Singh; K. Ishigami; V. K. Verma; G. Shibata; Y. Yamazaki; T. Kataoka; A. Fujimori; F. H. Chang; D. J. Huang; H. J. Lin; C. T. Chen; Y. Yamada; T. Fukumura; M. Kawasaki

doi:10.1063/1.4729123

Ferromagnetism of cobalt-doped anatase TiO ₂ studied by bulk- and surface-sensitive soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism

V. R. Singh, K. Ishigami, V. K. Verma, G. Shibata, Y. Yamazaki, T. Kataoka, A. Fujimori, F. H. Chang, D. J. Huang, H. J. Lin, C. T. Chen, Y. Yamada, T. Fukumura, M. Kawasaki

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Abstract

We have studied magnetism in anatase Ti _1-xCo _xO _2-δ (x = 0.05) thin films with various electron carrier densities, by soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements at the Co L _2,3 absorption edges. For electrically conducting samples, the magnetic moment estimated by XMCD was < 0.3 μ _B/Co using the surface-sensitive total electron yield mode, while it was 0.3-2.4 μ _B/Co using the bulk-sensitive total fluorescence yield mode. The latter value is in the same range as the saturation magnetization 0.6-2.1 μ _B/Co deduced by SQUID measurement. The magnetization and the XMCD intensity increased with carrier density, consistent with the carrier-induced origin of the ferromagnetism.

Original language	English
Article number	242404
Journal	Applied Physics Letters
Volume	100
Issue number	24
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4729123
Publication status	Published - 2012 Jun 11
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)

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10.1063/1.4729123

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Singh, V. R., Ishigami, K., Verma, V. K., Shibata, G., Yamazaki, Y., Kataoka, T., Fujimori, A., Chang, F. H., Huang, D. J., Lin, H. J., Chen, C. T., Yamada, Y., Fukumura, T., & Kawasaki, M. (2012). Ferromagnetism of cobalt-doped anatase TiO ₂ studied by bulk- and surface-sensitive soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Applied Physics Letters, 100(24), [242404]. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4729123

Ferromagnetism of cobalt-doped anatase TiO ₂ studied by bulk- and surface-sensitive soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. / Singh, V. R.; Ishigami, K.; Verma, V. K.; Shibata, G.; Yamazaki, Y.; Kataoka, T.; Fujimori, A.; Chang, F. H.; Huang, D. J.; Lin, H. J.; Chen, C. T.; Yamada, Y.; Fukumura, T.; Kawasaki, M.

In: Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 100, No. 24, 242404, 11.06.2012.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Singh, VR, Ishigami, K, Verma, VK, Shibata, G, Yamazaki, Y, Kataoka, T, Fujimori, A, Chang, FH, Huang, DJ, Lin, HJ, Chen, CT, Yamada, Y, Fukumura, T & Kawasaki, M 2012, 'Ferromagnetism of cobalt-doped anatase TiO ₂ studied by bulk- and surface-sensitive soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism', Applied Physics Letters, vol. 100, no. 24, 242404. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4729123

Singh, V. R. ; Ishigami, K. ; Verma, V. K. ; Shibata, G. ; Yamazaki, Y. ; Kataoka, T. ; Fujimori, A. ; Chang, F. H. ; Huang, D. J. ; Lin, H. J. ; Chen, C. T. ; Yamada, Y. ; Fukumura, T. ; Kawasaki, M. / Ferromagnetism of cobalt-doped anatase TiO ₂ studied by bulk- and surface-sensitive soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. In: Applied Physics Letters. 2012 ; Vol. 100, No. 24.

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title = "Ferromagnetism of cobalt-doped anatase TiO 2 studied by bulk- and surface-sensitive soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism",

abstract = "We have studied magnetism in anatase Ti 1-xCo xO 2-δ (x = 0.05) thin films with various electron carrier densities, by soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements at the Co L 2,3 absorption edges. For electrically conducting samples, the magnetic moment estimated by XMCD was < 0.3 μ B/Co using the surface-sensitive total electron yield mode, while it was 0.3-2.4 μ B/Co using the bulk-sensitive total fluorescence yield mode. The latter value is in the same range as the saturation magnetization 0.6-2.1 μ B/Co deduced by SQUID measurement. The magnetization and the XMCD intensity increased with carrier density, consistent with the carrier-induced origin of the ferromagnetism.",

author = "Singh, {V. R.} and K. Ishigami and Verma, {V. K.} and G. Shibata and Y. Yamazaki and T. Kataoka and A. Fujimori and Chang, {F. H.} and Huang, {D. J.} and Lin, {H. J.} and Chen, {C. T.} and Y. Yamada and T. Fukumura and M. Kawasaki",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research in Priority Area “Creation and Control of Spin Current” (19048012) from MEXT, Japan, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S 22224005) from JSPS, and T.F. was supported by the Funding Program for Next Generation World-Leading Researchers.",

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doi = "10.1063/1.4729123",

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AU - Singh, V. R.

AU - Ishigami, K.

AU - Verma, V. K.

AU - Shibata, G.

AU - Yamazaki, Y.

AU - Kataoka, T.

AU - Fujimori, A.

AU - Chang, F. H.

AU - Huang, D. J.

AU - Lin, H. J.

AU - Chen, C. T.

AU - Yamada, Y.

AU - Fukumura, T.

AU - Kawasaki, M.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research in Priority Area “Creation and Control of Spin Current” (19048012) from MEXT, Japan, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S 22224005) from JSPS, and T.F. was supported by the Funding Program for Next Generation World-Leading Researchers.

PY - 2012/6/11

Y1 - 2012/6/11

N2 - We have studied magnetism in anatase Ti 1-xCo xO 2-δ (x = 0.05) thin films with various electron carrier densities, by soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements at the Co L 2,3 absorption edges. For electrically conducting samples, the magnetic moment estimated by XMCD was < 0.3 μ B/Co using the surface-sensitive total electron yield mode, while it was 0.3-2.4 μ B/Co using the bulk-sensitive total fluorescence yield mode. The latter value is in the same range as the saturation magnetization 0.6-2.1 μ B/Co deduced by SQUID measurement. The magnetization and the XMCD intensity increased with carrier density, consistent with the carrier-induced origin of the ferromagnetism.

AB - We have studied magnetism in anatase Ti 1-xCo xO 2-δ (x = 0.05) thin films with various electron carrier densities, by soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements at the Co L 2,3 absorption edges. For electrically conducting samples, the magnetic moment estimated by XMCD was < 0.3 μ B/Co using the surface-sensitive total electron yield mode, while it was 0.3-2.4 μ B/Co using the bulk-sensitive total fluorescence yield mode. The latter value is in the same range as the saturation magnetization 0.6-2.1 μ B/Co deduced by SQUID measurement. The magnetization and the XMCD intensity increased with carrier density, consistent with the carrier-induced origin of the ferromagnetism.

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Ferromagnetism of cobalt-doped anatase TiO ₂ studied by bulk- and surface-sensitive soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism

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