TY - JOUR
T1 - Faunal turnovers in central Pacific benthic foraminifera during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum
AU - Takeda, Kotaro
AU - Kaiho, Kunio
N1 - Funding Information:
We wish to thank the Ocean Drilling Program for providing samples used in this study and all Leg 198 ship board members for assistance. We are grateful to B. Huber (Smithsonian Institution) for permitting to access to the Cushman Collection and other holotypes. We also thank J.C. Zachos for providing bulk isotope data and J. Ingle, B. Cramer and P. Gorjan for reviewing the manuscript. This research was supported by grants from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science to K. Kaiho, and conducted as part of the 21st Center-Of-Excellence program, ‘Advanced Science and Technology Center for the Dynamic Earth’ of Tohoku University. We specially thank two anonymous referees for reviewing and comments.
PY - 2007/8/3
Y1 - 2007/8/3
N2 - Although it is well known that the Paleocene/Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) coincided with a major benthic foraminiferal extinction event, the detailed pattern of the faunal turnover has not yet been clarified. Our high-resolution benthic foraminiferal and carbon isotope analyses at the low latitude Pacific Ocean Shatsky Rise have revealed the following record of major faunal transitions: (1) An initial turnover which involved the benthic foraminiferal extinction event (BFE). The BFE, marked by a sharp transition from Pre-extinction fauna to Disaster fauna represented by small-sized Bolivina gracilis, expresses the onset of the PETM and the abrupt extinction of about 30% of taxa. This faunal transition lasted about 45-74 kyr after the initiation of the PETM and was followed by: (2) the appearance of Opportunistic fauna represented by Quadrimorphina profunda, which existed for about 74-91 kyr after the initiation of the PETM. These two faunas, which appeared after the extinction event, are characterized by low diversity and dwarfism, possibly due to lowered oxygen condition and decreased surface productivity. The second pronounced turnover involved the gradual recovery from Opportunistic Fauna to the establishment of Recovery fauna, which coincided with the recovery about 83-91 kyr after its initiation.
AB - Although it is well known that the Paleocene/Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) coincided with a major benthic foraminiferal extinction event, the detailed pattern of the faunal turnover has not yet been clarified. Our high-resolution benthic foraminiferal and carbon isotope analyses at the low latitude Pacific Ocean Shatsky Rise have revealed the following record of major faunal transitions: (1) An initial turnover which involved the benthic foraminiferal extinction event (BFE). The BFE, marked by a sharp transition from Pre-extinction fauna to Disaster fauna represented by small-sized Bolivina gracilis, expresses the onset of the PETM and the abrupt extinction of about 30% of taxa. This faunal transition lasted about 45-74 kyr after the initiation of the PETM and was followed by: (2) the appearance of Opportunistic fauna represented by Quadrimorphina profunda, which existed for about 74-91 kyr after the initiation of the PETM. These two faunas, which appeared after the extinction event, are characterized by low diversity and dwarfism, possibly due to lowered oxygen condition and decreased surface productivity. The second pronounced turnover involved the gradual recovery from Opportunistic Fauna to the establishment of Recovery fauna, which coincided with the recovery about 83-91 kyr after its initiation.
KW - Benthic foraminifera
KW - C13/C12
KW - Dissolved oxygen
KW - Eocene
KW - Faunal turnovers
KW - Paleocene
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U2 - 10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.02.026
DO - 10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.02.026
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:34447104930
VL - 251
SP - 175
EP - 197
JO - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
JF - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
SN - 0031-0182
IS - 2
ER -