TY - JOUR
T1 - Exploratory eye movement dysfunction as a discriminator for schizophrenia
T2 - A large sample study using a newly developed digital computerized system
AU - Suzuki, Masahiro
AU - Takahashi, Sakae
AU - Matsushima, Eisuke
AU - Tsunoda, Masahiko
AU - Kurachi, Masayoshi
AU - Okada, Takashi
AU - Hayashi, Takuji
AU - Ishii, Yohei
AU - Morita, Kiichiro
AU - Maeda, Hisao
AU - Katayama, Seiji
AU - Kawahara, Ryuzou
AU - Otsuka, Tatsui
AU - Hirayasu, Yoshio
AU - Sekine, Mizuho
AU - Okubo, Yoshiro
AU - Motoshita, Mai
AU - Ohta, Katsuya
AU - Uchiyama, Makoto
AU - Kojima, Takuya
PY - 2009/4
Y1 - 2009/4
N2 - In our previous studies, we identified that exploratory eye movement (EEM) dysfunction appears to be specific to schizophrenia. The availability of a biological marker specific to schizophrenia would be useful for clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia. Consequently, we performed the discriminant analysis between schizophrenics and non-schizophrenics on a large sample using the EEM test data and examined an application of the EEM for clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia. EEM performances were recorded in 251 schizophrenics and 389 non-schizophrenics (111 patients with mood disorders, 28 patients with neurotic disorders and 250 normal controls). The patients were recruited from eight university hospitals and three affiliated hospitals. For this study with a large sample, we developed a new digital computerized version of the EEM test, which automatically handled large amounts of data. We measured four parameters: number of eye fixations (NEF), total eye scanning length (TESL), mean eye scanning length (MESL) and responsive search score (RSS). These parameters of schizophrenics differed significantly from those of the other three groups. The stepwise regression analysis selected the TESL and the RSS as the valid parameters for discriminating between schizophrenics and non-schizophrenics. In the discriminant analysis using the RSS and TESL as prediction parameters, 184 of the 251 clinically diagnosed schizophrenics were discriminated as having schizophrenia (sensitivity 73.3%); and 308 of the 389 clinically diagnosed non-schizophrenic subjects were discriminated as non-schizophrenics (specificity 79.2%). Based on our findings we believe that the EEM measures may be useful for the clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia.
AB - In our previous studies, we identified that exploratory eye movement (EEM) dysfunction appears to be specific to schizophrenia. The availability of a biological marker specific to schizophrenia would be useful for clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia. Consequently, we performed the discriminant analysis between schizophrenics and non-schizophrenics on a large sample using the EEM test data and examined an application of the EEM for clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia. EEM performances were recorded in 251 schizophrenics and 389 non-schizophrenics (111 patients with mood disorders, 28 patients with neurotic disorders and 250 normal controls). The patients were recruited from eight university hospitals and three affiliated hospitals. For this study with a large sample, we developed a new digital computerized version of the EEM test, which automatically handled large amounts of data. We measured four parameters: number of eye fixations (NEF), total eye scanning length (TESL), mean eye scanning length (MESL) and responsive search score (RSS). These parameters of schizophrenics differed significantly from those of the other three groups. The stepwise regression analysis selected the TESL and the RSS as the valid parameters for discriminating between schizophrenics and non-schizophrenics. In the discriminant analysis using the RSS and TESL as prediction parameters, 184 of the 251 clinically diagnosed schizophrenics were discriminated as having schizophrenia (sensitivity 73.3%); and 308 of the 389 clinically diagnosed non-schizophrenic subjects were discriminated as non-schizophrenics (specificity 79.2%). Based on our findings we believe that the EEM measures may be useful for the clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia.
KW - Biological marker
KW - Digital computerized system of the EEM test
KW - Discriminant analysis
KW - Exploratory eye movement (EEM)
KW - Schizophrenia
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U2 - 10.1007/s00406-008-0850-7
DO - 10.1007/s00406-008-0850-7
M3 - Article
C2 - 19165524
AN - SCOPUS:65349132408
VL - 259
SP - 186
EP - 194
JO - Zeitschrift für die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie
JF - Zeitschrift für die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie
SN - 0003-9373
IS - 3
ER -