TY - JOUR
T1 - Ethanol-wet bonding may improve root dentine bonding performance of hydrophobic adhesive
AU - Pei, Dandan
AU - Huang, Xueqing
AU - Huang, Cui
AU - Wang, Yake
AU - Ouyang, Xiaobai
AU - Zhang, Jing
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81070852 and 81171010) and Open Research Fund Program of Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBME (No. 200903). The authors are grateful to Suling Zhao from Wuhan University of Technology and Haijun Xu from China University of Geosciences for their kind help in the AFM and SEM testing. The authors also would like to thank Dr. David Alexander for his valuable suggestions.
PY - 2012/5
Y1 - 2012/5
N2 - Objectives: The current study aimed to assess ethanol-wet dentine surfaces by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and to evaluate the efficacy of ethanol-wet bonding on root dentine by determining the shear bond strength (SBS) and interfacial nanoleakage expression. Methods: Flat dentine slices from human premolar roots were randomly grouped into five. All specimens were acid-etched, rinsed, and left moist. They were then treated with 100% ethanol for 0 s (control group), 20 s (Group 1), 60 s (Group 2), three 60 s periods (Group 3), or stepwise ethanol application (Group 4). After treatment, each group was bonded either with Adper™ Scotchbond™ Multi-Purpose (Scotchbond) or experimental hydrophobic adhesive. Nano-scale adhesion forces (Fad) were probed by AFM and analysed using one-way ANOVA. The SBS results were analysed using two-way ANOVA. Tukey's test was employed for multiple comparisons. Results: Ethanol-wet protocols significantly decreased the value of Fad (p < 0.001). When bonded with Scotchbond, ethanol treatment did not affect the bond strength (p > 0.05), but decreased the interfacial nanoleakage. The SBS values of the groups bonded with hydrophobic adhesive varied with different ethanol-wet protocols (p < 0.05). Decreased nanoleakage was manifested in all experimental groups, except Group 1. Compared with the classical water-wet bonding with Scotchbond in the control group, Group 4 bonded with hydrophobic adhesive exhibited a significantly higher bond strength (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Ethanol-wet bonding using a stepwise ethanol application protocol may have potential benefits in the root dentine bonding of hydrophobic adhesive.
AB - Objectives: The current study aimed to assess ethanol-wet dentine surfaces by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and to evaluate the efficacy of ethanol-wet bonding on root dentine by determining the shear bond strength (SBS) and interfacial nanoleakage expression. Methods: Flat dentine slices from human premolar roots were randomly grouped into five. All specimens were acid-etched, rinsed, and left moist. They were then treated with 100% ethanol for 0 s (control group), 20 s (Group 1), 60 s (Group 2), three 60 s periods (Group 3), or stepwise ethanol application (Group 4). After treatment, each group was bonded either with Adper™ Scotchbond™ Multi-Purpose (Scotchbond) or experimental hydrophobic adhesive. Nano-scale adhesion forces (Fad) were probed by AFM and analysed using one-way ANOVA. The SBS results were analysed using two-way ANOVA. Tukey's test was employed for multiple comparisons. Results: Ethanol-wet protocols significantly decreased the value of Fad (p < 0.001). When bonded with Scotchbond, ethanol treatment did not affect the bond strength (p > 0.05), but decreased the interfacial nanoleakage. The SBS values of the groups bonded with hydrophobic adhesive varied with different ethanol-wet protocols (p < 0.05). Decreased nanoleakage was manifested in all experimental groups, except Group 1. Compared with the classical water-wet bonding with Scotchbond in the control group, Group 4 bonded with hydrophobic adhesive exhibited a significantly higher bond strength (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Ethanol-wet bonding using a stepwise ethanol application protocol may have potential benefits in the root dentine bonding of hydrophobic adhesive.
KW - Atomic force microscopy
KW - Dentine
KW - Ethanol-wet bonding
KW - Hydrophobic adhesive
KW - Nanoleakage
KW - Shear bond strength
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.02.005
DO - 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.02.005
M3 - Article
C2 - 22349946
AN - SCOPUS:84862831268
SN - 0300-5712
VL - 40
SP - 433
EP - 441
JO - Journal of Dentistry
JF - Journal of Dentistry
IS - 5
ER -