TY - JOUR
T1 - Enhanced electro-oxidation resistance of carbon electrodes induced by phosphorus surface groups
AU - Berenguer, R.
AU - Ruiz-Rosas, R.
AU - Gallardo, A.
AU - Cazorla-Amorós, D.
AU - Morallón, E.
AU - Nishihara, H.
AU - Kyotani, T.
AU - Rodríguez-Mirasol, J.
AU - Cordero, T.
N1 - Funding Information:
Financial support by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad , for the MAT2013-42007-P , P09-FQM-5156R , CTQ2012-36408 , JCI2011-10566 , JCI-2012-12664 and the Joint Spanish-Japanese ( PRI-PIBJP-2011-0766 ) projects, FEDER and the Junta de Andalucía are gratefully acknowledged.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PY - 2015/10/11
Y1 - 2015/10/11
N2 - The electro-oxidation of carbon materials enormously degrades their performance and limits their wider utilization in multiple electrochemical applications. In this work, the positive influence of phosphorus functionalities on the overall electrochemical stability of carbon materials has been demonstrated under different conditions. We show that the extent and selectivity of electroxidation in P-containing carbons are completely different to those observed in conventional carbons without P. The electro-oxidation of P-containing carbons involves the active participation of phosphorus surface groups, which are gradually transformed at high potentials from less-to more-oxidized species to slow down the introduction of oxygen groups on the carbon surface (oxidation) and the subsequent generation of (C∗OOH)-like unstable promoters of electro-gasification. The highest-oxidized P groups (-C-O-P-like species) seem to distribute the gained oxygen to neighboring carbon sites, which finally suffer oxidation and/or gasification. So it is thought that P-groups could act as mediators of carbon oxidation although including various steps and intermediates compared to electroxidation in P-free materials.
AB - The electro-oxidation of carbon materials enormously degrades their performance and limits their wider utilization in multiple electrochemical applications. In this work, the positive influence of phosphorus functionalities on the overall electrochemical stability of carbon materials has been demonstrated under different conditions. We show that the extent and selectivity of electroxidation in P-containing carbons are completely different to those observed in conventional carbons without P. The electro-oxidation of P-containing carbons involves the active participation of phosphorus surface groups, which are gradually transformed at high potentials from less-to more-oxidized species to slow down the introduction of oxygen groups on the carbon surface (oxidation) and the subsequent generation of (C∗OOH)-like unstable promoters of electro-gasification. The highest-oxidized P groups (-C-O-P-like species) seem to distribute the gained oxygen to neighboring carbon sites, which finally suffer oxidation and/or gasification. So it is thought that P-groups could act as mediators of carbon oxidation although including various steps and intermediates compared to electroxidation in P-free materials.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.08.101
DO - 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.08.101
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84943537322
VL - 95
SP - 681
EP - 689
JO - Carbon
JF - Carbon
SN - 0008-6223
ER -