TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of the antiepileptics phenytoin and zonisamide on dentin formation and bone mineral density of the mandible in growing rats
AU - Takahashi, A.
AU - Saito, T.
AU - Mayanagi, H.
AU - Kamei, J.
AU - Onodera, K.
PY - 2004/12
Y1 - 2004/12
N2 - This study was undertaken to examine the effects of the antiepileptics phenytoin and zonisamide on changes in the mineral density of the incisor and bone mineral density (BMD) of the mandibular head, and on the rate of dentin formation using histomorphometric measurements. After repeated administration of phenytoin or zonisamide to male growing rats, the mineral density of the lower incisors and mandibular head were determined by analyzing microradiographs and dentin formation rates were determined by histomorphometric measurements. Results showed a significant decrease in the mean values of BMD of the mandibular head and lower incisors in groups treated with phenytoin or zonisamide compared with the vehicle-treated group (p < 0.05). The percent rates of decrease in mineral density of the incisors for phenytoin and zonisamide were 6.8% and 4.0%, respectively. Phenytoin and zonisamide significantly reduced the dentin formation rate for the mesial and distal areas compared with the vehicle-treated group. Thus, epileptic children who are treated over a long period with antiepileptics, especially at primary school age, should ensure good oral hygiene so as not to suffer bone loss, edentulism or gingival overgrowth.
AB - This study was undertaken to examine the effects of the antiepileptics phenytoin and zonisamide on changes in the mineral density of the incisor and bone mineral density (BMD) of the mandibular head, and on the rate of dentin formation using histomorphometric measurements. After repeated administration of phenytoin or zonisamide to male growing rats, the mineral density of the lower incisors and mandibular head were determined by analyzing microradiographs and dentin formation rates were determined by histomorphometric measurements. Results showed a significant decrease in the mean values of BMD of the mandibular head and lower incisors in groups treated with phenytoin or zonisamide compared with the vehicle-treated group (p < 0.05). The percent rates of decrease in mineral density of the incisors for phenytoin and zonisamide were 6.8% and 4.0%, respectively. Phenytoin and zonisamide significantly reduced the dentin formation rate for the mesial and distal areas compared with the vehicle-treated group. Thus, epileptic children who are treated over a long period with antiepileptics, especially at primary school age, should ensure good oral hygiene so as not to suffer bone loss, edentulism or gingival overgrowth.
KW - Bone mineral density
KW - Dentin formation rate
KW - Epilepsy
KW - Phenytoin
KW - Zonisamide
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=13244259438&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=13244259438&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1358/mf.2004.26.10.872558
DO - 10.1358/mf.2004.26.10.872558
M3 - Article
C2 - 15672119
AN - SCOPUS:13244259438
VL - 26
SP - 769
EP - 773
JO - Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology
JF - Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology
SN - 0379-0355
IS - 10
ER -