TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of ultrasonic wave irradiation on the electrical conductivity of the undoped and doped molten sulfur with some inorganic materials
AU - Fujino, Takeo
AU - Michalski, Rajmund
AU - Sato, Nobuaki
AU - Waseda, Yoshio
N1 - Funding Information:
Rajmund Michalski thanks the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan for financial support through the postdoctoral fellowship.
PY - 2003/12
Y1 - 2003/12
N2 - The electrical conductivity and the activation energy of conduction were measured up to 340°C for undoped sulfur melts and doped sulfur melts with 5 mol% LiF, 5 mol% NaF, 13.4 mol% NaCl, 1 and 5 mol% KCl, 5 mol% NaBr, 5 mol% Se, 5 mol% NaBr + 5 mol% Se, 5 mol% Na2SO4, 5 and 10 mol% Na. The effect of irradiation of ultrasonic waves of 20 kHz was studied. The electrical conductivity generally increased with increasing temperature above 200°C with a variety of temperature dependencies. The addition of NaBr, Se, LiF, Na2SO4, NaBr + Se, and KCl caused an increase in conductivity in this order by max. two orders of magnitude. For sulfur melts doped with 5 and 10 mol% Na, a wide jump of electrical conductivity occurred at 245°C, giving exceedingly high electrical conductivities above this temperature. By the irradiation of ultrasonic waves, the electrical conductivity was raised together with the formation of jump for Se, NaBr + Se, 5 mol% Na, LiF, Na2SO4, NaBr, and NaF. The largest irradiation effect was observed for 10 mol% Na, for which the jump temperature was 190°C. The activation energies classified into low, medium, and high groups were obtained. The assumption of microscopic temperature was proposed, which was found to explain the electrical conductivity of irradiated melts.
AB - The electrical conductivity and the activation energy of conduction were measured up to 340°C for undoped sulfur melts and doped sulfur melts with 5 mol% LiF, 5 mol% NaF, 13.4 mol% NaCl, 1 and 5 mol% KCl, 5 mol% NaBr, 5 mol% Se, 5 mol% NaBr + 5 mol% Se, 5 mol% Na2SO4, 5 and 10 mol% Na. The effect of irradiation of ultrasonic waves of 20 kHz was studied. The electrical conductivity generally increased with increasing temperature above 200°C with a variety of temperature dependencies. The addition of NaBr, Se, LiF, Na2SO4, NaBr + Se, and KCl caused an increase in conductivity in this order by max. two orders of magnitude. For sulfur melts doped with 5 and 10 mol% Na, a wide jump of electrical conductivity occurred at 245°C, giving exceedingly high electrical conductivities above this temperature. By the irradiation of ultrasonic waves, the electrical conductivity was raised together with the formation of jump for Se, NaBr + Se, 5 mol% Na, LiF, Na2SO4, NaBr, and NaF. The largest irradiation effect was observed for 10 mol% Na, for which the jump temperature was 190°C. The activation energies classified into low, medium, and high groups were obtained. The assumption of microscopic temperature was proposed, which was found to explain the electrical conductivity of irradiated melts.
KW - Activation energy
KW - Electrical conductivity
KW - Sodium polysulfide
KW - Sulfur melt
KW - Ultrasonic wave
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U2 - 10.1080/714040983
DO - 10.1080/714040983
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0942268110
VL - 178
SP - 2679
EP - 2724
JO - Phosphorus, Sulfur and Silicon and the Related Elements
JF - Phosphorus, Sulfur and Silicon and the Related Elements
SN - 1042-6507
IS - 12
ER -