TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of heteroatoms in ordered microporous carbons on their electrochemical capacitance
AU - Itoi, Hiroyuki
AU - Nishihara, Hirotomo
AU - Kyotani, Takashi
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 15K21478 and by the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture through a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 26286020. This research was supported also by Dynamic Alliance for Open Innovation Bridging Human, Environment and Materials.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2016/11/22
Y1 - 2016/11/22
N2 - Micropores play a more important role in enhancing the electrochemical capacitance than mesopores and macropores; therefore, the effect of heteroatom doping into micropores on the electrochemical behavior is interesting. However, heteroatom doping into porous carbon materials would potentially change their pore structures and pore sizes, which also affect their electrochemical capacitive behaviors. To gain insight into the intrinsic effects of heteroatoms on the electrochemical capacitive behaviors, zeolite-templated carbon (ZTC) may be the most suitable candidate. ZTC is an ordered microporous carbon with a uniform micropore size of 1.2 nm, a high surface area, and a large micropore volume. In this work, a series of ZTCs containing oxygen, nitrogen, or boron as heteroatoms, with an ordered pore structure and the same pore size, are prepared. By examining their electrochemical capacitive behaviors in an organic electrolyte, the effect of heteroatom doping can be isolated and discussed without considering the effects of pore structure and pore size. Acid anhydride groups are found to generate pseudocapacitance in two potential ranges, -1.0 to -0.3 V (vs Ag/AgClO4) and -0.2 to 0.4 V. B is introduced into the ZTC framework solely as -B(OH)2, which is found to be an electrochemically inert species. N is introduced as pyridine (3.0%), pyridone/pyrrole (23.8%), quaternary (66.6%), and oxidized N (6.6%), and these species exhibit noticeable pseudocapacitance in the microporous carbon.
AB - Micropores play a more important role in enhancing the electrochemical capacitance than mesopores and macropores; therefore, the effect of heteroatom doping into micropores on the electrochemical behavior is interesting. However, heteroatom doping into porous carbon materials would potentially change their pore structures and pore sizes, which also affect their electrochemical capacitive behaviors. To gain insight into the intrinsic effects of heteroatoms on the electrochemical capacitive behaviors, zeolite-templated carbon (ZTC) may be the most suitable candidate. ZTC is an ordered microporous carbon with a uniform micropore size of 1.2 nm, a high surface area, and a large micropore volume. In this work, a series of ZTCs containing oxygen, nitrogen, or boron as heteroatoms, with an ordered pore structure and the same pore size, are prepared. By examining their electrochemical capacitive behaviors in an organic electrolyte, the effect of heteroatom doping can be isolated and discussed without considering the effects of pore structure and pore size. Acid anhydride groups are found to generate pseudocapacitance in two potential ranges, -1.0 to -0.3 V (vs Ag/AgClO4) and -0.2 to 0.4 V. B is introduced into the ZTC framework solely as -B(OH)2, which is found to be an electrochemically inert species. N is introduced as pyridine (3.0%), pyridone/pyrrole (23.8%), quaternary (66.6%), and oxidized N (6.6%), and these species exhibit noticeable pseudocapacitance in the microporous carbon.
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U2 - 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02667
DO - 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02667
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84998678781
VL - 32
SP - 11997
EP - 12004
JO - Langmuir
JF - Langmuir
SN - 0743-7463
IS - 46
ER -