Discovery of the First Low-luminosity Quasar at z > 7

Yoshiki Matsuoka; Masafusa Onoue; Nobunari Kashikawa; Michael A. Strauss; Kazushi Iwasawa; Chien Hsiu Lee; Masatoshi Imanishi; Tohru Nagao; Masayuki Akiyama; Naoko Asami; James Bosch; Hisanori Furusawa; Tomotsugu Goto; James E. Gunn; Yuichi Harikane; Hiroyuki Ikeda; Takuma Izumi; Toshihiro Kawaguchi; Nanako Kato; Satoshi Kikuta; Kotaro Kohno; Yutaka Komiyama; Shuhei Koyama; Robert H. Lupton; Takeo Minezaki; Satoshi Miyazaki; Hitoshi Murayama; Mana Niida; Atsushi J. Nishizawa; Akatoki Noboriguchi; Masamune Oguri; Yoshiaki Ono; Masami Ouchi; Paul A. Price; Hiroaki Sameshima; Andreas Schulze; Hikari Shirakata; John D. Silverman; Naoshi Sugiyama; Philip J. Tait; Masahiro Takada; Tadafumi Takata; Masayuki Tanaka; Ji Jia Tang; Yoshiki Toba; Yousuke Utsumi; Shiang Yu Wang; Takuji Yamashita

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab0216

Discovery of the First Low-luminosity Quasar at z > 7

Yoshiki Matsuoka, Masafusa Onoue, Nobunari Kashikawa, Michael A. Strauss, Kazushi Iwasawa, Chien Hsiu Lee, Masatoshi Imanishi, Tohru Nagao, Masayuki Akiyama, Naoko Asami, James Bosch, Hisanori Furusawa, Tomotsugu Goto, James E. Gunn, Yuichi Harikane, Hiroyuki Ikeda, Takuma Izumi, Toshihiro Kawaguchi, Nanako Kato, Satoshi KikutaKotaro Kohno, Yutaka Komiyama, Shuhei Koyama, Robert H. Lupton, Takeo Minezaki, Satoshi Miyazaki, Hitoshi Murayama, Mana Niida, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, Akatoki Noboriguchi, Masamune Oguri, Yoshiaki Ono, Masami Ouchi, Paul A. Price, Hiroaki Sameshima, Andreas Schulze, Hikari Shirakata, John D. Silverman, Naoshi Sugiyama, Philip J. Tait, Masahiro Takada, Tadafumi Takata, Masayuki Tanaka, Ji Jia Tang, Yoshiki Toba, Yousuke Utsumi, Shiang Yu Wang, Takuji Yamashita

SCI - Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

57 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We report the discovery of a quasar at z = 7.07, which was selected from the deep multi-band imaging data collected by the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program survey. This quasar, HSC J124353.93+010038.5, has an order of magnitude lower luminosity than do the other known quasars at z > 7. The rest-frame ultraviolet absolute magnitude is M ₁₄₅₀ = -24.13 0.08 mag and the bolometric luminosity is erg s ^-1 . Its spectrum in the optical to near-infrared shows strong emission lines, and shows evidence for a fast gas outflow, as the C iv line is blueshifted and there is indication of broad absorption lines. The Mg ii-based black hole mass is , thus indicating a moderate mass accretion rate with an Eddington ratio . It is the first z > 7 quasar with sub-Eddington accretion, besides being the third most distant quasar known to date. The luminosity and black hole mass are comparable to, or even lower than, those measured for the majority of low-z quasars discovered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and thus this quasar likely represents a z > 7 counterpart to quasars commonly observed in the low-z universe.

Original language	English
Article number	L2
Journal	Astrophysical Journal Letters
Volume	872
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0216
Publication status	Published - 2019 Feb 10

Keywords

Dark ages
first stars
galaxies: active
galaxies: high-redshift
intergalactic medium
quasars: general
quasars: supermassive black holes
reionization

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.3847/2041-8213/ab0216

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Matsuoka, Y., Onoue, M., Kashikawa, N., Strauss, M. A., Iwasawa, K., Lee, C. H., Imanishi, M., Nagao, T., Akiyama, M., Asami, N., Bosch, J., Furusawa, H., Goto, T., Gunn, J. E., Harikane, Y., Ikeda, H., Izumi, T., Kawaguchi, T., Kato, N., ... Yamashita, T. (2019). Discovery of the First Low-luminosity Quasar at z > 7. Astrophysical Journal Letters, 872(1), [L2]. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0216

Discovery of the First Low-luminosity Quasar at z > 7. / Matsuoka, Yoshiki; Onoue, Masafusa; Kashikawa, Nobunari; Strauss, Michael A.; Iwasawa, Kazushi; Lee, Chien Hsiu; Imanishi, Masatoshi; Nagao, Tohru; Akiyama, Masayuki; Asami, Naoko; Bosch, James; Furusawa, Hisanori; Goto, Tomotsugu; Gunn, James E.; Harikane, Yuichi; Ikeda, Hiroyuki; Izumi, Takuma; Kawaguchi, Toshihiro; Kato, Nanako; Kikuta, Satoshi; Kohno, Kotaro; Komiyama, Yutaka; Koyama, Shuhei; Lupton, Robert H.; Minezaki, Takeo; Miyazaki, Satoshi; Murayama, Hitoshi; Niida, Mana; Nishizawa, Atsushi J.; Noboriguchi, Akatoki; Oguri, Masamune; Ono, Yoshiaki; Ouchi, Masami; Price, Paul A.; Sameshima, Hiroaki; Schulze, Andreas; Shirakata, Hikari; Silverman, John D.; Sugiyama, Naoshi; Tait, Philip J.; Takada, Masahiro; Takata, Tadafumi; Tanaka, Masayuki; Tang, Ji Jia; Toba, Yoshiki; Utsumi, Yousuke; Wang, Shiang Yu; Yamashita, Takuji.

In: Astrophysical Journal Letters, Vol. 872, No. 1, L2, 10.02.2019.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Matsuoka, Y, Onoue, M, Kashikawa, N, Strauss, MA, Iwasawa, K, Lee, CH, Imanishi, M, Nagao, T, Akiyama, M, Asami, N, Bosch, J, Furusawa, H, Goto, T, Gunn, JE, Harikane, Y, Ikeda, H, Izumi, T, Kawaguchi, T, Kato, N, Kikuta, S, Kohno, K, Komiyama, Y, Koyama, S, Lupton, RH, Minezaki, T, Miyazaki, S, Murayama, H, Niida, M, Nishizawa, AJ, Noboriguchi, A, Oguri, M, Ono, Y, Ouchi, M, Price, PA, Sameshima, H, Schulze, A, Shirakata, H, Silverman, JD, Sugiyama, N, Tait, PJ, Takada, M, Takata, T, Tanaka, M, Tang, JJ, Toba, Y, Utsumi, Y, Wang, SY & Yamashita, T 2019, 'Discovery of the First Low-luminosity Quasar at z > 7', Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 872, no. 1, L2. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0216

Matsuoka, Yoshiki ; Onoue, Masafusa ; Kashikawa, Nobunari ; Strauss, Michael A. ; Iwasawa, Kazushi ; Lee, Chien Hsiu ; Imanishi, Masatoshi ; Nagao, Tohru ; Akiyama, Masayuki ; Asami, Naoko ; Bosch, James ; Furusawa, Hisanori ; Goto, Tomotsugu ; Gunn, James E. ; Harikane, Yuichi ; Ikeda, Hiroyuki ; Izumi, Takuma ; Kawaguchi, Toshihiro ; Kato, Nanako ; Kikuta, Satoshi ; Kohno, Kotaro ; Komiyama, Yutaka ; Koyama, Shuhei ; Lupton, Robert H. ; Minezaki, Takeo ; Miyazaki, Satoshi ; Murayama, Hitoshi ; Niida, Mana ; Nishizawa, Atsushi J. ; Noboriguchi, Akatoki ; Oguri, Masamune ; Ono, Yoshiaki ; Ouchi, Masami ; Price, Paul A. ; Sameshima, Hiroaki ; Schulze, Andreas ; Shirakata, Hikari ; Silverman, John D. ; Sugiyama, Naoshi ; Tait, Philip J. ; Takada, Masahiro ; Takata, Tadafumi ; Tanaka, Masayuki ; Tang, Ji Jia ; Toba, Yoshiki ; Utsumi, Yousuke ; Wang, Shiang Yu ; Yamashita, Takuji. / Discovery of the First Low-luminosity Quasar at z > 7. In: Astrophysical Journal Letters. 2019 ; Vol. 872, No. 1.

@article{dd5a583aee614ede94812c991c4dc671,

title = "Discovery of the First Low-luminosity Quasar at z > 7",

abstract = " We report the discovery of a quasar at z = 7.07, which was selected from the deep multi-band imaging data collected by the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program survey. This quasar, HSC J124353.93+010038.5, has an order of magnitude lower luminosity than do the other known quasars at z > 7. The rest-frame ultraviolet absolute magnitude is M 1450 = -24.13 0.08 mag and the bolometric luminosity is erg s -1 . Its spectrum in the optical to near-infrared shows strong emission lines, and shows evidence for a fast gas outflow, as the C iv line is blueshifted and there is indication of broad absorption lines. The Mg ii-based black hole mass is , thus indicating a moderate mass accretion rate with an Eddington ratio . It is the first z > 7 quasar with sub-Eddington accretion, besides being the third most distant quasar known to date. The luminosity and black hole mass are comparable to, or even lower than, those measured for the majority of low-z quasars discovered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and thus this quasar likely represents a z > 7 counterpart to quasars commonly observed in the low-z universe. ",

keywords = "Dark ages, first stars, galaxies: active, galaxies: high-redshift, intergalactic medium, quasars: general, quasars: supermassive black holes, reionization",

author = "Yoshiki Matsuoka and Masafusa Onoue and Nobunari Kashikawa and Strauss, {Michael A.} and Kazushi Iwasawa and Lee, {Chien Hsiu} and Masatoshi Imanishi and Tohru Nagao and Masayuki Akiyama and Naoko Asami and James Bosch and Hisanori Furusawa and Tomotsugu Goto and Gunn, {James E.} and Yuichi Harikane and Hiroyuki Ikeda and Takuma Izumi and Toshihiro Kawaguchi and Nanako Kato and Satoshi Kikuta and Kotaro Kohno and Yutaka Komiyama and Shuhei Koyama and Lupton, {Robert H.} and Takeo Minezaki and Satoshi Miyazaki and Hitoshi Murayama and Mana Niida and Nishizawa, {Atsushi J.} and Akatoki Noboriguchi and Masamune Oguri and Yoshiaki Ono and Masami Ouchi and Price, {Paul A.} and Hiroaki Sameshima and Andreas Schulze and Hikari Shirakata and Silverman, {John D.} and Naoshi Sugiyama and Tait, {Philip J.} and Masahiro Takada and Tadafumi Takata and Masayuki Tanaka and Tang, {Ji Jia} and Yoshiki Toba and Yousuke Utsumi and Wang, {Shiang Yu} and Takuji Yamashita",

note = "Funding Information: The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys (PS1) have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen{\textquoteright}s University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, and Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE). Funding Information: The Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) collaboration includes the astronomical communities of Japan and Taiwan, and Princeton University. The HSC instrumentation and software were developed by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), the Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU), the University of Tokyo, the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), the Academia Sinica Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics in Taiwan (ASIAA), and Princeton University. Funding was contributed by the FIRST program from Japanese Cabinet Office, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), the Toray Science Foundation, NAOJ, Kavli IPMU, KEK, ASIAA, and Princeton University. Funding Information: IRAF is distributed by the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. Funding Information: This work is also based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory and processed using the Gemini IRAF package. The Observatory is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnolog{\'i}a e Innovaci{\'o}n Productiva (Argentina), and Minist{\'e}rio da Ci{\^e}ncia, Tecnologia e Inova{\c c}{\~a}o (Brazil). Funding Information: Y.M. was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI grant No. JP17H04830 and the Mitsubishi Foundation grant No. 30140. N.K. acknowledges supports from the JSPS grant 15H03645. K.I. acknowledges support by the Spanish MINECO under grant No. AYA2016-76012-C3-1-P and MDM-2014-0369 of ICCUB (Unidad de Excelencia “Mar{\'i}a deMaeztu”). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019. The American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2019",

month = feb,

day = "10",

doi = "10.3847/2041-8213/ab0216",

language = "English",

volume = "872",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal Letters",

issn = "2041-8205",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "1",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Discovery of the First Low-luminosity Quasar at z > 7

AU - Matsuoka, Yoshiki

AU - Onoue, Masafusa

AU - Kashikawa, Nobunari

AU - Strauss, Michael A.

AU - Iwasawa, Kazushi

AU - Lee, Chien Hsiu

AU - Imanishi, Masatoshi

AU - Nagao, Tohru

AU - Akiyama, Masayuki

AU - Asami, Naoko

AU - Bosch, James

AU - Furusawa, Hisanori

AU - Goto, Tomotsugu

AU - Gunn, James E.

AU - Harikane, Yuichi

AU - Ikeda, Hiroyuki

AU - Izumi, Takuma

AU - Kawaguchi, Toshihiro

AU - Kato, Nanako

AU - Kikuta, Satoshi

AU - Kohno, Kotaro

AU - Komiyama, Yutaka

AU - Koyama, Shuhei

AU - Lupton, Robert H.

AU - Minezaki, Takeo

AU - Miyazaki, Satoshi

AU - Murayama, Hitoshi

AU - Niida, Mana

AU - Nishizawa, Atsushi J.

AU - Noboriguchi, Akatoki

AU - Oguri, Masamune

AU - Ono, Yoshiaki

AU - Ouchi, Masami

AU - Price, Paul A.

AU - Sameshima, Hiroaki

AU - Schulze, Andreas

AU - Shirakata, Hikari

AU - Silverman, John D.

AU - Sugiyama, Naoshi

AU - Tait, Philip J.

AU - Takada, Masahiro

AU - Takata, Tadafumi

AU - Tanaka, Masayuki

AU - Tang, Ji Jia

AU - Toba, Yoshiki

AU - Utsumi, Yousuke

AU - Wang, Shiang Yu

AU - Yamashita, Takuji

N1 - Funding Information: The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys (PS1) have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen’s University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, and Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE). Funding Information: The Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) collaboration includes the astronomical communities of Japan and Taiwan, and Princeton University. The HSC instrumentation and software were developed by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), the Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU), the University of Tokyo, the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), the Academia Sinica Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics in Taiwan (ASIAA), and Princeton University. Funding was contributed by the FIRST program from Japanese Cabinet Office, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), the Toray Science Foundation, NAOJ, Kavli IPMU, KEK, ASIAA, and Princeton University. Funding Information: IRAF is distributed by the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. Funding Information: This work is also based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory and processed using the Gemini IRAF package. The Observatory is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (Argentina), and Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brazil). Funding Information: Y.M. was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI grant No. JP17H04830 and the Mitsubishi Foundation grant No. 30140. N.K. acknowledges supports from the JSPS grant 15H03645. K.I. acknowledges support by the Spanish MINECO under grant No. AYA2016-76012-C3-1-P and MDM-2014-0369 of ICCUB (Unidad de Excelencia “María deMaeztu”). Publisher Copyright: © 2019. The American Astronomical Society.

PY - 2019/2/10

Y1 - 2019/2/10

N2 - We report the discovery of a quasar at z = 7.07, which was selected from the deep multi-band imaging data collected by the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program survey. This quasar, HSC J124353.93+010038.5, has an order of magnitude lower luminosity than do the other known quasars at z > 7. The rest-frame ultraviolet absolute magnitude is M 1450 = -24.13 0.08 mag and the bolometric luminosity is erg s -1 . Its spectrum in the optical to near-infrared shows strong emission lines, and shows evidence for a fast gas outflow, as the C iv line is blueshifted and there is indication of broad absorption lines. The Mg ii-based black hole mass is , thus indicating a moderate mass accretion rate with an Eddington ratio . It is the first z > 7 quasar with sub-Eddington accretion, besides being the third most distant quasar known to date. The luminosity and black hole mass are comparable to, or even lower than, those measured for the majority of low-z quasars discovered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and thus this quasar likely represents a z > 7 counterpart to quasars commonly observed in the low-z universe.

AB - We report the discovery of a quasar at z = 7.07, which was selected from the deep multi-band imaging data collected by the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program survey. This quasar, HSC J124353.93+010038.5, has an order of magnitude lower luminosity than do the other known quasars at z > 7. The rest-frame ultraviolet absolute magnitude is M 1450 = -24.13 0.08 mag and the bolometric luminosity is erg s -1 . Its spectrum in the optical to near-infrared shows strong emission lines, and shows evidence for a fast gas outflow, as the C iv line is blueshifted and there is indication of broad absorption lines. The Mg ii-based black hole mass is , thus indicating a moderate mass accretion rate with an Eddington ratio . It is the first z > 7 quasar with sub-Eddington accretion, besides being the third most distant quasar known to date. The luminosity and black hole mass are comparable to, or even lower than, those measured for the majority of low-z quasars discovered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and thus this quasar likely represents a z > 7 counterpart to quasars commonly observed in the low-z universe.

KW - Dark ages

KW - first stars

KW - galaxies: active

KW - galaxies: high-redshift

KW - intergalactic medium

KW - quasars: general

KW - quasars: supermassive black holes

KW - reionization

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DO - 10.3847/2041-8213/ab0216

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85062026250

VL - 872

JO - Astrophysical Journal Letters

JF - Astrophysical Journal Letters

SN - 2041-8205

IS - 1

M1 - L2

ER -

Discovery of the First Low-luminosity Quasar at z > 7

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