TY - JOUR
T1 - Development the Care Evaluation Scale Version 2.0
T2 - a modified version of a measure for bereaved family members to evaluate the structure and process of palliative care for cancer patient
AU - Miyashita, Mitsunori
AU - Aoyama, Maho
AU - Nakahata, Misato
AU - Yamada, Yuji
AU - Abe, Mutsumi
AU - Yanagihara, Kazuhiro
AU - Shirado, Akemi
AU - Shutoh, Mariko
AU - Okamoto, Yoshiaki
AU - Hamano, Jun
AU - Miyamoto, Aoi
AU - Yoshida, Saki
AU - Sato, Kazuki
AU - Hirai, Kei
AU - Morita, Tatsuya
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI Grant (Number 25293165).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 The Author(s).
PY - 2017/1/23
Y1 - 2017/1/23
N2 - Background: The Care Evaluation Scale (CES1.0) was designed to allow bereaved family members to evaluate the structure and process of care, but has been associated with a high frequency of misresponses. The objective of this study was to develop a modified version of CES1.0 (CES2.0) that would eliminate misresponses while maintaining good reliability and validity. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey by mail in October 2013. The participants were bereaved family members of patients who died from cancer in seven institutions in Japan. All family members were asked to complete CES2.0, the short form CES1.0, items on overall care satisfaction, the Family Satisfaction with Advanced Cancer Care (FAMCARE) Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Brief Grief Questionnaire (BGQ). To examine test-retest reliability, all participants were asked to complete a second CES2.0. Results: Of 596 questionnaires sent, 461 (77%) were returned and 393 (66%) were analyzed. In the short form CES1.0, 17.1% of the responses were identified as misresponses. No misresponses were found in CES2.0. We identified 10 CES2.0 subscales similar to those in CES1.0 using exploratory factor analysis. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.96, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.83. Correlations were found between CES2.0 and overall satisfaction (r = 0.83) and FAMCARE (r = 0.58). In addition, total CES2.0 scores were negatively correlated with the PHQ-9 (r = −0.22) and BGQ (r = −0.10). Conclusion: These results suggest that CES2.0 eliminated misresponses associated with CES1.0 while maintaining good reliability and validity and greatly improving test-retest reliability.
AB - Background: The Care Evaluation Scale (CES1.0) was designed to allow bereaved family members to evaluate the structure and process of care, but has been associated with a high frequency of misresponses. The objective of this study was to develop a modified version of CES1.0 (CES2.0) that would eliminate misresponses while maintaining good reliability and validity. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey by mail in October 2013. The participants were bereaved family members of patients who died from cancer in seven institutions in Japan. All family members were asked to complete CES2.0, the short form CES1.0, items on overall care satisfaction, the Family Satisfaction with Advanced Cancer Care (FAMCARE) Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Brief Grief Questionnaire (BGQ). To examine test-retest reliability, all participants were asked to complete a second CES2.0. Results: Of 596 questionnaires sent, 461 (77%) were returned and 393 (66%) were analyzed. In the short form CES1.0, 17.1% of the responses were identified as misresponses. No misresponses were found in CES2.0. We identified 10 CES2.0 subscales similar to those in CES1.0 using exploratory factor analysis. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.96, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.83. Correlations were found between CES2.0 and overall satisfaction (r = 0.83) and FAMCARE (r = 0.58). In addition, total CES2.0 scores were negatively correlated with the PHQ-9 (r = −0.22) and BGQ (r = −0.10). Conclusion: These results suggest that CES2.0 eliminated misresponses associated with CES1.0 while maintaining good reliability and validity and greatly improving test-retest reliability.
KW - Bereavement
KW - Neoplasms
KW - Palliative care
KW - Quality of care
KW - Questionnaires
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85013825278&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85013825278&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s12904-017-0183-2
DO - 10.1186/s12904-017-0183-2
M3 - Article
C2 - 28114917
AN - SCOPUS:85013825278
VL - 16
SP - 1
EP - 10
JO - BMC Palliative Care
JF - BMC Palliative Care
SN - 1472-684X
IS - 1
M1 - 8
ER -