TY - JOUR
T1 - Decompression experiments for sulfur-bearing hydrous rhyolite magma
T2 - Redox evolution during magma decompression
AU - Okumura, Satoshi
AU - Ishibashi, Hidemi
AU - Itoh, Shoichi
AU - Suzumura, Akimasa
AU - Furukawa, Yoshihiro
AU - Miwa, Takahiro
AU - Kagi, Hiroyuki
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Maxim Gavrilenko and Kayla Iacovino for their constructive reviews. We thank Elizabeth Cottrell and the National Museum of Natural History’s Rock Collection for the loan of the standards for XANES. We are grateful to Atsuo Iida for his technical suggestions. This study was supported by the Grants-in-aid for Scientific Research in Japan (No. 15K13587 and 18H01296) to S.O.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 De Gruyter. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/2/23
Y1 - 2021/2/23
N2 - We performed decompression experiments on sulfur-bearing hydrous rhyolite magma at a temperature of 800 °C to investigate redox evolution during magma decompression. The magma was continuously decompressed from 100 MPa to 10–50 MPa at rates of 10 and 100 MPa h–1. The evolution of the ferric to total iron ratio (Fe3+/Fetotal) during decompression was investigated using XANES, and redox evolution was determined based on a thermodynamic calculation and measured Fe3+/Fetotal. Before decompression, the sample was buffered from NNO to NNO+1, and the pre-exsolved fluid phase and sulfide crystal coexisted. Sulfide crystals were found in all decompressed samples, and Fe3+/Fetotal showed a slight decrease with decompression. It was confirmed that the sample in a gold capsule was not influenced by the change in redox conditions outside of the capsule for the timescale of the decompression experiments; thus, the decompressed sample reflected the redox evolution in magma during decompression. Our experiments indicated that magma decompression causes a slight reduction when it includes water and sulfur. This evolution is qualitatively explained by sulfur degassing and fluid-melt redox equilibria. During the fluid-melt redox equilibria, magma is reduced if the existence of a pre-exsolved fluid phase is assumed, while the model calculation shows that magma is oxidized when it contains only water or no pre-exsolved fluid phases. This is because sulfur buffers the oxidation of magma through a reaction with oxygen in the fluid phase. Therefore, we inferred that the redox condition of magma is not oxidized during explosive volcanism with a pre-exsolved fluid phase and closed-system degassing. In contrast, if magma experiences open-system degassing, it may be oxidized, resulting in the breakdown of sulfide crystals as observed in some pyroclasts and lavas.
AB - We performed decompression experiments on sulfur-bearing hydrous rhyolite magma at a temperature of 800 °C to investigate redox evolution during magma decompression. The magma was continuously decompressed from 100 MPa to 10–50 MPa at rates of 10 and 100 MPa h–1. The evolution of the ferric to total iron ratio (Fe3+/Fetotal) during decompression was investigated using XANES, and redox evolution was determined based on a thermodynamic calculation and measured Fe3+/Fetotal. Before decompression, the sample was buffered from NNO to NNO+1, and the pre-exsolved fluid phase and sulfide crystal coexisted. Sulfide crystals were found in all decompressed samples, and Fe3+/Fetotal showed a slight decrease with decompression. It was confirmed that the sample in a gold capsule was not influenced by the change in redox conditions outside of the capsule for the timescale of the decompression experiments; thus, the decompressed sample reflected the redox evolution in magma during decompression. Our experiments indicated that magma decompression causes a slight reduction when it includes water and sulfur. This evolution is qualitatively explained by sulfur degassing and fluid-melt redox equilibria. During the fluid-melt redox equilibria, magma is reduced if the existence of a pre-exsolved fluid phase is assumed, while the model calculation shows that magma is oxidized when it contains only water or no pre-exsolved fluid phases. This is because sulfur buffers the oxidation of magma through a reaction with oxygen in the fluid phase. Therefore, we inferred that the redox condition of magma is not oxidized during explosive volcanism with a pre-exsolved fluid phase and closed-system degassing. In contrast, if magma experiences open-system degassing, it may be oxidized, resulting in the breakdown of sulfide crystals as observed in some pyroclasts and lavas.
KW - Decompression
KW - Redox evolution
KW - Rhyolitic magma
KW - Sulfur
KW - Water
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U2 - 10.2138/am-2020-7535
DO - 10.2138/am-2020-7535
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85100506073
VL - 106
SP - 216
EP - 225
JO - American Mineralogist
JF - American Mineralogist
SN - 0003-004X
IS - 2
ER -