TY - JOUR
T1 - Coulomb implosion of tetrabromothiophene observed under multiphoton ionization by free-electron-laser soft-x-ray pulses
AU - Kukk, E.
AU - Myllynen, H.
AU - Nagaya, K.
AU - Wada, S.
AU - Bozek, J. D.
AU - Takanashi, T.
AU - You, D.
AU - Niozu, A.
AU - Kooser, K.
AU - Gaumnitz, T.
AU - Pelimanni, E.
AU - Berholts, M.
AU - Granroth, S.
AU - Yokono, N.
AU - Fukuzawa, H.
AU - Miron, C.
AU - Ueda, K.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by the X-ray Free Electron Laser Utilization Research Project and the X-ray Free Electron Laser Priority Strategy Program of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (MEXT), by the Proposal Program of SACLA Experimental Instruments of RIKEN, by the research program “Dynamic alliance for open innovation bridging human, environment and materials” in Network Joint Research Center for Materials and Devices, by IMRAM project, and by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. E.K. and E.P. acknowledge financial support from the Academy of Finland and D.Y. acknowledges support from a Grant-in-Aid of Tohoku University Institute for Promoting Graduate Degree Programs, Division for Interdisciplinary Advanced Research and Education. M.B. acknowledges financial support from the ASTRA project PER ASPERA Graduate School of Functional Materials and Technologies receiving funding from the European Regional Development Fund under a project at University of Tartu, Estonia. The authors also thank Dr. J. Niskanen for his help in improving the molecular-dynamics model.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American Physical Society.
PY - 2019/2/11
Y1 - 2019/2/11
N2 - Soft-x-ray free-electron-laser pulses were used to create highly charged molecular tetrabromothiophene species by sequential multiphoton ionization from bromine 3d orbitals. The experiment was performed at the SACLA facility in Japan and the products of molecular dissociation were analyzed by means of multicoincidence momentum-resolved ion time-of-flight spectroscopy. Total charge states up to +13 atomic units were produced, creating a particular dissociation pattern for the carbon ions, a Coulomb implosion, due to the concerted forces by the surrounding heavy bromine ions. This behavior was explored both experimentally and by numerical molecular-dynamics simulations and the fingerprints of the Coulomb implosion were identified in both. In simulations, Coulomb implosion was predicted to be highly sensitive to the initial (thermal) motion of the atoms and, after including vibrational motion for several temperatures, good general agreement between the experiment and simulations was found. The agreement with the experiment was further improved by adding charge dynamics to the simulation, according to our point-charge dynamics model with empirical rate constants.
AB - Soft-x-ray free-electron-laser pulses were used to create highly charged molecular tetrabromothiophene species by sequential multiphoton ionization from bromine 3d orbitals. The experiment was performed at the SACLA facility in Japan and the products of molecular dissociation were analyzed by means of multicoincidence momentum-resolved ion time-of-flight spectroscopy. Total charge states up to +13 atomic units were produced, creating a particular dissociation pattern for the carbon ions, a Coulomb implosion, due to the concerted forces by the surrounding heavy bromine ions. This behavior was explored both experimentally and by numerical molecular-dynamics simulations and the fingerprints of the Coulomb implosion were identified in both. In simulations, Coulomb implosion was predicted to be highly sensitive to the initial (thermal) motion of the atoms and, after including vibrational motion for several temperatures, good general agreement between the experiment and simulations was found. The agreement with the experiment was further improved by adding charge dynamics to the simulation, according to our point-charge dynamics model with empirical rate constants.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85061535433&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85061535433&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevA.99.023411
DO - 10.1103/PhysRevA.99.023411
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85061535433
VL - 99
JO - Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
JF - Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
SN - 1050-2947
IS - 2
M1 - 023411
ER -