Comprehensive numerical assessment of molten iron–slag trickle flow and gas countercurrent in complex coke bed by Eulerian–Lagrangian approach

The transient behavior of immiscible two-liquid interfaces initiated by molten iron–slag trickle flow was investigated using a Lagrangian particle-based smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) model to track the movements of both liquid phases directly. The transient behavior of the associated gas flow was simulated using a Eulerian grid-based model dependent on the gas permeability characteristics exhibited by the molten iron–slag counterflow. As an example of the assessments conducted, the sliding behavior of molten iron down the slag surface at different between-phase interfacial tensions was observed in the unsteady state. While the effect of wetting between the molten slag and coke on the gas flow was found to be insignificant, decreasing the liquid–liquid interfacial tension promoted mixing between the two liquids, which in turn hindered the rapid dropping of the molten iron and resulted in a significant stagnation of gas flow.