TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparative evaluation of real-time PCR methods for human noroviruses in wastewater and human stool
AU - Masago, Yoshifumi
AU - Konta, Yoshimitsu
AU - Kazama, Shinobu
AU - Inaba, Manami
AU - Imagawa, Toshifumi
AU - Tohma, Kentaro
AU - Saito, Mayuko
AU - Suzuki, Akira
AU - Oshitani, Hitoshi
AU - Omura, Tatsuo
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by CREST from the Japan Science and Technology Agency and by KAKENHI Grant Number 15H04065 from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Masago et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2016/8
Y1 - 2016/8
N2 - Selecting the best quantitative PCR assay is essential to detect human norovirus genome effectively from clinical and environmental samples because no cell lines have been developed to propagate this virus. The real-time PCR methods for noroviruses GI (4 assays) and GII (3 assays) were evaluated using wastewater (n = 70) and norovirus-positive stool (n = 77) samples collected in Japan between 2012 and 2013. Standard quantitative PCR assays recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, International Organization for Standardization, and Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan, together with recently reported assays were included. Significant differences in positive rates and quantification cycles were observed by non-parametric analysis. The present study identifies the best assay for norovirus GI and GII to amplify norovirus genomes efficiently.
AB - Selecting the best quantitative PCR assay is essential to detect human norovirus genome effectively from clinical and environmental samples because no cell lines have been developed to propagate this virus. The real-time PCR methods for noroviruses GI (4 assays) and GII (3 assays) were evaluated using wastewater (n = 70) and norovirus-positive stool (n = 77) samples collected in Japan between 2012 and 2013. Standard quantitative PCR assays recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, International Organization for Standardization, and Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan, together with recently reported assays were included. Significant differences in positive rates and quantification cycles were observed by non-parametric analysis. The present study identifies the best assay for norovirus GI and GII to amplify norovirus genomes efficiently.
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U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0160825
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0160825
M3 - Article
C2 - 27525654
AN - SCOPUS:84984830665
VL - 11
JO - PLoS One
JF - PLoS One
SN - 1932-6203
IS - 8
M1 - e0160825
ER -
